Asian Exclusion Laws Essay -- essays research papers

There were a very large number of local, state, and federal laws that were specifically aimed at disrupting the flow of Chinese and Japanese immigrants to the United States. Two of the major laws were the 1882 Chinese exclusion Act and the 1907-1908 Gentleman&8217s intellect. Although the laws had some differences, they were quite comparable and had similar impacts on the immigrant population.The 1882, Congress enacted the Chinese Exclusion Act, which outlawed Chinese immigration. It also explicitly denied naturalization rights to Chinese, meaning they were not allowed to become citizens, as they were not free whites. Prior to the Chinese Exclusion Act, some 300,000 laborers arrived in California, and the act was intended to primarily prevent the entry of more laborers. The passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act was the first attempt by congress to ban a group of immigrants based on race or color.The only Chinese that lawfully entered the United States during the six decades the E xclusion Act was in place were those in &8220exempted classes such as merchants, students, diplomats, and travelers (Chan). An unknown number illegally entered through the Canadian and Mexican borders and many others entered as &8220paper sons. The act did not prevent Chinese immigration per se it simply prevented most legal immigration.The 1907-1908 Gentleman&8217s Agreement was the result of a conflict between t...

Essay --

Our computers were originally bundled with built in programs that argon readily available to use. These includethe protective covering, multimedia, image editor, PC maintenance and so forth. But those embedded programs and features have basic functions only. There are a variety of free and useful softwares now that we can transfer to enhance and help your day to day life activities. Below is a short list of the most essential free software you cant afford to run away on your windows XP to Windows 8 operate system. Antivirus and Antimalware ProtectionRegardless of how you use your computer on a daily basis, keeping your computer healthy should be our prime(prenominal) line of defense.Although our computers have built in firewalls, it has been a campaign to protect our computers by running antivirus and keeping the system up to date. No single nib can detect everything. An anti malware alone cannot protect your computer from viruses and vice versa. So as a solution, experts recom mended to install one security tool (Micrsoft security essential, AVAST or AVG) that can protect your computer from threats while surfing the web, installing applications and opening files and attachments on your mail. Then install anti malware (malware bytes)to remove potentially unwished softwares and any other infections found to make sure nothing has been overlooked. But on top of this, we should likewise maintain a good browsing clothe and good downloading hygiene.Password managementOne of the reasons why accounts are easily hacked because people use simple passwords such as their kids name, their last name, short phrases or sequential numbers so they can easily remember it. Many users also need to remember different passwords for their email, bank accounts, ebay log in a... ...oogle Docs. It is a web based suite developed by Google and its now integrated with the Google Drive. This web based service will allow the users to create and edit documents online in real time. Thi s tool also offers word processing documents, drawings, presentation and spreadsheet and can also read Microsoft office documents. It can work on all operating system since its web based.NeoOffice has the same features with Apache and libre Office but its designed to work with Mac OS only. The software has grammar and spell checker feature and can also read Microsoft formats. There you have it, we have showcased some of the essential software that you cant afford to miss on your computer. All these products have been tested already and although they are free ones, they are efficient as the paid version. These softwares are worth trying to without spending a dime

The Four Key Steps In Hiring And Keeping Top People :: essays research papers

The Four Key Steps In Hiring And Keeping clear PeopleWhen you hire the trump out, the rest is easy We have heard this phrase many times, but how do we put this concept into action? We know that hiring the best people is vital to the success of your business, especially for fast growing businesses. And reliablely, your customers have high service expectations. Sohow do you hire and keep top people? Lets start from the beginning.The job description Often overlooked, the job description sets the tone for success when hiring new people. Start by making certain your job descriptions are accurate, up-to-date and reflect your expectations. This is an important step, as it ensures consistency in your hiring practices and says your company is well run.Tip From The Coach During the initial interview, be certain to present the job description, so the applicant will have a clear picture of your expectations if your company does hire them. This also helps to generate a much comprehensive c onversation regarding the position being offered.The interview game plan Prepare a critical interview game plan, to be used by each person doing the interviewing for your company. This game plan must include how to evaluate a resume, sample questions to be asked during the interview process, a detailed presentation of compensation, how to do reference checks, and any final hiring details (i.e. company benefits, policy and procedures, etc.).Tip From The Coach In addition to the in-person interview, consider the use of indite tests and/or assessments to aid in your hiring process. This is key to hiring top people and will help to establish performance standards when hiring new employees.Fast-track training Develop a detailed training checklist for all newly hired employees. This should include an orientation for the branch day, a plan for the first week, an outline for the first month, and a recap of the first 90 days that includes expectations for their performance.Tip From The Co ach By building a thorough and consistent training program, you will quickly develop top performers for your company, a win-win for all.Grow and groom To hire and keep top people, you must provide a career path to help your best people grow and to be groomed for additional responsibility. This starts in the hiring process, so consider if the person you are hiring has the skills for the current position and might also have the skills for a next take aim promotion.

Professional, Ethical and Legal issues in nursing Essay -- Health Care

According to American Nurses Association (ANA), (2010) the nurse promotes, advocates for and strives to protect the heath, safety and right of the patient (p. 6). treat responsibilities should be acted at the highest standard and must be based on judicial and ethical obligations.Health complaint providers perception and judgment in the patients well being as well as taking into account the right of the patient in every do is ane of the key elements in nursing practice. International Council of Nurses (ICN), (2006) states The nurse at all times maintains standards of personal conduct which reflect well on the profession and put up public confidence (p. 3). Furthermore, nursing run guided by theory and principles of moral and legal rights complements excellent nursing care. Nurses awareness in moral and legal codes helps them control the complicated scenario encountered and direct the nurses in the best possible action answerable by law (Lachman, 2006).In this essay the antecede nt will rationalize the relevance of professional, ethical and legal regulations in the practice of nursing. The reason will discuss and analyze the chosen scenario and critically review the action taken in the expense of the patient and the care workers. In addition, the author will also evaluates the strength and limitations of the scenario in a broader issue with reasonable public opinion supported by theories and principles of ethical and legal standards.In accordance with Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC), (2008) all identifiable details have been changed in accordance with (NMC, 2010).The author as a healthcare assistant working in the nursing home will present a scenario of Mrs. Keller (not her real name) who is confined in the madness u... ...r investigation and then devise a plan for best possible action recognizing the rights of the patient and its benefits followed by the application of the chosen intervention with positive offspring in mind (Wells, 2007). Delivery of excellent and quality of care at constant level (NMC, 2008) must be marked in any responsibilities and duties of the care provider to promote exceptional nursing practiceCodes of nursing ethics and legal legislation have addressed almost all the necessary action in making decision in consideration to the best interest of the patient. Nurses must make sure that they are all guided by the facility standard to lead their action and produced desirable and ethically sound outcome. However, it is realistic to acknowledge that there are some instances that moral act contradict legal act, in this case, the principle of prima facie can be applied.

An Analysis of Araby in James Joyces Dubliners :: Joyce Dubliners Araby Essays

An Analysis of Araby There are many statements in the horizontal surface Araby that are both surprising and puzzling. The statement that perhaps gives us the most insight into the narrators thoughts and feelings is prime at the end of the story. Gazing up into the darkness I power saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity and my eyes burned with anguish and anger. (32) By breaking this statement into small pieces and key words, we elicit see it as a summation of the storys major themes. At this point in the story, many emotions are swirling about in the narrators head. His trip to the bazaar has been largely unsuccessful. He was late arriving, was unable to find a gift for Mangans sister, felt scorned by the merchants, and suddenly found himself in a dark room. These surroundings left him feeling both derided, and with a sense that this eagerly anticipated trip had been in vain. Many other situations caused him to feel driven and derided by vanity. Hi s reflections of the gracious life of the priest who occupied the narrators house before the narrator make us wonder if the priest led a life of vanity. His early fixing with Mangans sister now seems in vain. I had never spoken to her ... and yet her name was like a summons to my foolish blood. (4) He feels ashamed and ridiculed by his earlier inability to communicate with Mangans sister. He sees how distracted he was by his anticipation of the bazaar. He recalls that he had hardly any patience with the serious regulate of life. (12) The narrator is embarrassed by the time he had wasted, and the ease with which he became distracted. The near total worthlessness of the bazaar at the time the narrator arrives is an organic example of vanity. Not only does the narrator feel ridiculed by the vanity involved in this situation, he also feels driven by it. The simple chat he carries on with Mangans sister regarding the bazaar drives him to direct all his thoughts toward the g lory that will be the bazaar. A sort of irony can be found in the fact that something that he devoted all his waking and sleeping thoughts

An Analysis of Araby in James Joyces Dubliners :: Joyce Dubliners Araby Essays

An Analysis of Araby There are many statements in the story Araby that are both surprising and puzzling. The statement that mayhap gives us the most insight into the narrators thoughts and palpateings is found at the end of the story. Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity and my eyes burned with anguish and anger. (32) By breaking this statement into sm all in all pieces and key words, we can see it as a summation of the storys study themes. At this point in the story, many emotions are swirling about in the narrators head. His trip to the bazaar has been largely unsuccessful. He was late arriving, was unable to find a gift for Mangans sister, felt scorned by the merchants, and suddenly found himself in a dark room. These surroundings left him feeling both derided, and with a sentience that this eagerly anticipated trip had been in vain. Many other situations caused him to feel driven and derided by vanity. His reflectio ns of the charitable life of the priest who occupied the narrators house ahead the narrator make us wonder if the priest led a life of vanity. His early obsession with Mangans sister now seems in vain. I had neer spoken to her ... and yet her name was like a summons to my foolish blood. (4) He feels ashamed and ridiculed by his earlier inability to communicate with Mangans sister. He sees how put off he was by his anticipation of the bazaar. He recalls that he had hardly any patience with the serious work of life. (12) The narrator is embarrassed by the time he had wasted, and the ease with which he became distracted. The near total worthlessness of the bazaar at the time the narrator arrives is an extreme example of vanity. Not only does the narrator feel ridiculed by the vanity involved in this situation, he also feels driven by it. The simple conversation he carries on with Mangans sister regarding the bazaar drives him to bespeak all his thoughts toward the glory th at will be the bazaar. A sort of irony can be found in the fact that something that he devoted all his waking and sleeping thoughts

Overview Program Evaluation

Overview of architectural plan paygrade HCS/549 April 15, 2013 Overview of broadcast Evaluation Program evaluation is a useful resource to rate political platforms that are currently an organization or an industry is making good use of. Evaluating programs not only choose out the strengths and weaknesses but also identifies the generate of the plans implemented. The purpose of this paper is to examine the purpose for program evaluation and why it can be useful to an organization.This paper will speak of the five just about vernacular types of program evaluation ideals and will select one program evaluation model to describe from week ones reading. Purpose for program evaluation There is only one overall purpose for program evaluation activities contributing to the provision of quality services to people in need. Program evaluation contributes to quality services by providing feedback from program activities and outcomes to those who can make changes in programs (Posavac & Ca rey, 2007, p. 14).If there is no feedback, then the programs will be very knotty to carry out and be effective. The processes of evaluation require feedback systems similarly, feedback on behavior in organizations is also crucial for the success of an organization. Delayed feedback, not clearly associated with the scrutiny of behavior, is not very informative. In the readings, the writers have argued that environmental problems are hard to solve because of the long delay between environmentally destructive activities and feedback indicating a enfeebling of natural systems. Assessing needs, measuring the implementation of programs to meet those needs, evaluating the achievement of carefully formed goals and objectives, and comparing the level of outcome with the costs involved relative to similar programs religious service to provide information from which to develop program improvements (Posavac & Carey, 2007, p. 14). This is useful for organizations because it gives them an idea of their programs and what needs help if there are any issues related to the programs evaluated. Five most common modelsA number of different approaches to evaluation have been put forward to guide the planning and implementation of program evaluations. Each of the models discussed includes emphases that are valid aspects of program evaluation. nonpareil value of thinking about models lies in developing an appreciation of the range of questions evaluators can consider. The particularized questions being addressed by an evaluation or the specific aspects of the program setting often make one or another of the models especially useful (Posavac & Carey, 2007, p. 23-25).The models The traditional model, Social Science model, Industrial Inspection model, dumb Box Evaluation, and Objectives-Based Evaluation model, are very common and helpful in different types of organizations and environment. The model that is very interesting to use and describe is the Objective-Based Evaluation mod el. Objectives-Based Evaluation In an effort to design an evaluation for a specific program, some approaches emphasize working with clearly stated program goals and objectives so that the degree to which much(prenominal) goals and objectives are achieved can be measured. This has been the most prevalent model used for program evaluation. Examining goals and objectives seems to be an essential aspect of evaluation it is important to judge a program relative to its particular structure and what it is designed to achieve (Posavac & Carey, 2007, p. 23-25). It is very important for organizations to clearly and closely examine their goals and objectives to successfully plan for future. At the homogeneous time, taking objectives-based evaluation to evaluate the situation is also important to know the points of view of the staff in the organization. ConclusionIn conclusion, evaluation of different types of programs is important in organizations because it bring out the ups and downs of th e organization. Purpose of program evaluation is to provide feedback that can be helpful for organizations. Without feedback, the organizations programs cannot be effective or put in proper use. to a fault feedback on behaviors within the program evaluations is crucial for the success of an organization. The five models The traditional model, Social Science model, Industrial Inspection model, Black Box Evaluation, and Objectives-Based Evaluation model give a ood idea of what it is like to use these models in different scenarios. The Objective-based model is the most prevalent model to use because it closely examines goals and objective that looseness an important part in an organization. Using this model a company or an organization can prepare for plans and goals, which can be achieved successfully. Reference Posavac, E. J. , & Carey, R. G. (2007). Program Evaluation Methods and Case Studies (7th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall.

My Name Is Chimezirim Amadi

Being the Curious four year old that I was, I darted construeing the dictionary non even knowing what the words said or meant. The reason I did that was because I liked looking at the words, inquire what It said, I was too preserved to ask anyone to teach me how to read, so I tried to teach myself. I never wanted anyone to see me reading because I did not understand anything I was reading. At night when everyone went to sleep, I snuck out of my bed, went and got the dictionary, and started looking and reading the words out loud one by one. cardinal night I snuck out, and my father heard a little voice talking.He snuck over behind me ND asked what I was doing. I tried to hide the dictionary but he grabbed it and asked what was I doing with it, I was stunned and speechless, I was so speechless that I started mumbling. I mumbled all the way to my way. The next morning, right onwards he went to work he told my mom what happened. My mom decided to sit me d induce and ask me about th e situation, finally I was ready to face the truth. That was when I told her, I wanted to learn how to read. She smiled and told me I did not have to be shy about It, so she bought me some easy to read books with pictures and theseHUGE words. It was excellent to read books with so much art. I passionatenessd reading and everything thing about it, so much that by the age of eight I started making my own fiction books. First I told my mom to buy me a big composition book with brand new colored pencils, crayons and markers so that I could happen upon an Illustrated book, she said no, I should reasonable use blank paper and the art supply I already had. I begged her so many times and I kept getting the same answer NO. When my dad came home from work. Asked him and he said yes, so he took me to Wall-Mart and bought me a full set.I as so excited to make my own book. But the only thing was that I could not really think of anything to issue about. I sat in my room for twenty minutes thi nking, so I started drawing this huge monster and that was when I figured out what my business relationship line was. I loved to write and draw, so every year until the age of thirteen, I made an Illustrated book. When I was thirteen, there was a contest for junior writers and whoever won the contest gets five nose candy dollars. Immediately when I heard of the contest, I joined. The end result was that I lost.I was so disappointed in myself cause I thought I was a good writer. Even though I did not win, my teacher read my invention and gave it to the Literary Magazine In my school and they loved It. They put It as a flirt page story so that everyone can see what a great writer I was. I did not think I was a good writer after I lost that contest, even though I did make 1 OFF stories. I thought I was not going to write for pleasure again, until I got to sophomore year of high-pitched school. When I became a sophomore, I Joined the year book club. Our teacher assigned each person a Job to do.I really wanted to be the one to take all the strictures, but she decided to put me in charge of writing the report letter and some photo captions. I told her that I was a terrible writer and she should reassign me, but she disagreed. I stalled on writing the cover letter for two months because not only could I not think of anything to write, but I did not want to write for pleasure. iodin boring day, I decided to sit down and write my cover letter, It went from it being a requirement to pleasure. When I started writing the cover letter, I could not stop.I had so many ideas running through my head that I Just kept writing and it felt good. The next day I handed the cover letter to my teacher, she read it and she thought it was remarkable. It was so remarkable that she had to read it to the whole class. I felt like I accomplished something. My senior year of high school, we started learning about Shakespearean most extraordinary play, Hamlet. The longest play Shakespear e ever wrote and also one of the greatest story in English literature. The story of Hamlet is about a prince who grieves of his fathers death.His mother Queen Gertrude marries his uncle Claudia, who killed his father. The ghost of the late king kept appearing to Hamlet to tell him that Claudia poisoned him in the garden so that he could become king. Hamlet decides to get revenge on his uncle. He killed Polonium because he was eavesdropping. Aphelia, Poloniums daughter drowns herself because Hamlet drove her to madness with his confusion of his love for her. Poloniums son Alerts returns to Denmark for revenge of his father and his sisters death. A battle took place in the castle, to end with the death of Hamlet, Gertrude, Alerts, and Claudia.Hamlet was such an influential play to me because Hamlet was hell deform on revenge and his wit and determination reminded me of myself. I was so influenced, for my senior paper in high school, I wrote a 21st century story similar to Hamlet. Eng lish as a subject has had an ongoing role in my life. From Reading the dictionary and not knowing anything it said, to making my own illustrated stories and to Just writing for pleasure. English has had a remarkable influence in my life. I always had a personal connection with English since my childhood to the present.

Buried Child Essay

It represents the fragmentation of the American nuclear family in a context of disappointment and disillusionment with American mythology and the American Dream, the 70s rural economic slowdown and the segmentation of traditional family structures and values. It reflects the universal frustrations of American people. The postmodern style of this play incorporates surrealism and symbolism. Surrealism is constituent of the play. The use of symbols such as the rain and the corn occur the play a symbolist element. The humor is also an essential element. All these stylistic elements give the play a postmodern feel. Eclecticism and skepticism have also to do with postmodernism.Dodge + Halie = Tilden and Bradley Tilden has son Vince whose girlfriend is ShellyThe character of Ansel he is the son that Halie idolizes as an All-American hero despite his death. Tilden and Bradley both failed their parents expectations. Both are expected to take over the farm or at least care for their parent s in their out of date age. However both are handicapped Tilden emotionally and Bradley physically. They are unable to care for their parents and thus unable to carry out the American Dream. Tilden he has no purpose, no direction in his life. He had sex with his mother. (Vince) Bradley aggressive, lost his leg. He Is emasculated by the removal of his leg.Dodge felt the failure of the farm and the family. He failed to make the farm successful. He is an alcoholic. He has been emasculated by his son and the infertility of his fields.The Priests reflects the breakdown of morality and ethics in America. The act of incest and the murder breakdown the family values. Its a dysfunctional family.

Political Parties of 1800s Essay

The Democratic and republican Parties can trace their roots back to the 1800s, but close to of the most interesting stories in American governmental history spring from parties which enjoyed flashes of glory before fading away for good.The extinct political parties of the 1800s include organizations which were fortunate enough to put candidates in the White House. And there were also others that were just doomed to inevitable obscurity.Here is a listing of some significant political parties who are no longer with us, in roughly chronological orderFederalist companyThe Federalist Party is considered the first American political political party. It advocated a strong case government, and prominent Federalists included John Adams and Alexander Hamilton.The Federalists did not build a sustaining party apparatus, and the partys lacing in the chosenion of 1800 led to its decline. It fundamentally ceased to be a national party after 1816.(Jeffersonian) Republican PartyThe Jeffersonian Republican Party, which, of course, back up Thomas Jefferson in the election of 1800, was formed in opposition to the Federalists. The Jeffersonians tended to be more egalitarian than the Federalists.Following Jeffersons two terms in office, James Madison won the presidency on the Republican ticket in 1808 and 1812, followed by James Monroe in 1816 and 1820.The Jeffersonian Republican Party then faded away. The party was not a forerunner of the depict day Republican Party. At times it was even called a name which seems contradictory today, the Democratic-Republican Party.National Republican PartyThe National Republican Party supported John Quincy Adams in his unsuccessful bid for reelection in 1828 (there had been no party designations in the election of 1824). The party also supported Henry Clay in 1832.The general theme of the National Republican Party was opposition to Andrew Jackson and his policies. The National Republicans generally joined the Whig Party in 1834.The Nation al Republican Party was not a forerunner of the Republican Party, which formed in the mid-1850s.Anti-Masonic PartyThe Anti-Masonic Party formed in upstate New York in the late 1820s, quest the mysterious death of a member of the masonic order, William Morgan. It was believed that Morgan was killed before he could reveal secrets about the masons and their suspected influence in American politics.The party, while manifestly based on conspiracy theory, gained adherents. And the Anti-Masonic Party actually held the first national political convention in America. Its convention in 1831 nominated William Wirt as its presidential candidate in 1832. Wirt was an odd choice, having once been a mason. And while his candidacy was not successful, he did carry one state, Vermont, in the electoral college.Part of the spell of the Anti-Masonic Party was its fiery opposition to Andrew Jackson, who happened to be a mason.The Anti-Masonic Party faded into obscurity by 1836 and its members drifted i nto the Whig Party, which also compared the policies of Andrew Jackson.Whig PartyThe Whig Party was formed to oppose Andrew Jacksons policies and came together in 1834. The party took its name from a British political party which had opposed the King, as the American Whigs said they were debateKing Andrew.The Whigs candidate in 1836, William Henry Harrison, lost to the Democrat Martin Van Buren. solely Harrison, with his log cabin and hard cider campaign of 1840, won the presidency (though he would only serve for a month).The Whigs remained a major party throughout the 1840s, winning the White House again with Zachary Taylor in 1848. But the party splintered, mainly over the issue of slavery. Some Whigs joined the Know-Nothing Party, and others, most notably Abraham Lincoln, joined the new Republican party in the 1850s. conversancy PartyThe Liberty Party was organized in 1839 by anti-slavery activists who wanted to take the abolitionist movement and make it a political movement. A s most leading abolitionists were unrelenting about being outside politics, this was a novel concept.The party ran a presidential ticket in 1840 and 1844, with James G. Birney, a former slaveholder from Kentucky as their candidate. The Liberty Party drew meager numbers, garnering only two percent of the popular balloting in 1844.It has been speculated that the Liberty Party was responsible for splitting the anti-slavery vote in New York state in 1844, thereby denying the states electoral vote to Henry Clay, the Whig candidate and assuring the election of the slave-owning James Knox Polk. But that assumes Clay would have drawn all the votes cast for the Liberty Party.Free-Soil PartyThe Free-Soil Party came into being in 1848, and was organized to oppose the stretch of slavery. The partys candidate for president in 1848 was former president Martin Van Buren.Zachary Taylor of the Whig Party won the 1848 presidential election, but the Free-Soil Party did elect two senators and 14 mem bers of the House ofRepresentatives.The motto of the Free-Soil Party was Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Labor and Free Men. After Van Burens defeat in 1848 the party faded and members were eventually absorbed into the Republican Party when it formed in the 1850s.The Know-Nothing PartyThe Know-Nothing Party emerged in the late 1840s as a reaction to immigration to America. After some success in local elections with campaigns rife with bigotry, former president Millard Fillmore ran as the Know-Nothing candidate for president in 1856. Fillmores campaign was a disaster and the party soon dissolved.Greenback PartyThe Greenback Party was organized at a national convention held in Cleveland, Ohio in 1875. The formation of the party was prompted by difficult economic decisions, and the party advocated the issuing of paper money not backed by gold. Farmers and workers were the partys natural constituency.The Greenbacks ran presidential candidates in 1876, 1880, and 1884, all of whom were unsuc cessful.When economic conditions improved, the Greenback Party faded into history.

Cross-Culture Analysis on “Outsourced”

Due to Western Noveltys Outsourcing scheme, Todd Anderson is sent to India. Upon arrival, Todd has completely no idea of what territory he is stepping into. With the lack of aw atomic number 18ness of the Indian horticulture, he root falls victim to a taxi drivers trickery, has to literally hop on a train and although he is offered a seat on the can-packed train carriage by a boy, but in return he has to offer up his lap for the boy to sit on. On first sight, Todd experienced a culture shock from the manifest culture of India (Sathe, 1985) that attacked his own core and starts to form judgments near this come outingly dirty and primitive country.The initial contact with a new culture gives rise to ethnical differences and Todd finds himself struggling with them. This is the result of the differences in cultural dimensions. The first dimension contrasting India and Todd, would be Collectivism versus Individualism. Individualism refers to how much a person is self-centered and free from control Collectivism refers to how the allwhereall groups interest is placed above an individual. (Hofstede, 1980) Using scores from the GLOBE project, India scores a high school 5. 92, much higher than the USAs score of 4. 5 on the collectivist scale where higher refers to more collectivistic. (House et al. 2004) Todd, originating from the US, is characterized as an employee who only has to worry about himself, does not involve himself with other employees. In the first scene, employees from the US have a very big private space to themselves and the boss Dave has an even more private enclosure. The office space reflects the culture of individualism from the US. However, in India, we see that employees interact with each other more frequently, such as Asha admirering out with employees and smaller desks for closer working conditions.Even the supervisors desk lacked privacy due to the missing glass, which Todd makes a big fuss about and showed closeness surrounded by the employer and employees. It is apparent that the employees in India have a more collectivistic corporate culture and this affected Todds individualistic values and beliefs. However, later in the film, Todds individualistic personality slowly evolves into a collectivistic maven as he immerses himself into Indias culture and changed his leaders style.This showed during the incident when there was flooding, Todd and the staff members worked together as a team and Todd even asked his neighbour to help with the power connections to benefit the groups goal. What Todd went through during his immersion in Indias culture is called Primary Socialization (Berger & Luckman, 1967) where he learned Indias culture through living with Puros Aunt and socializing with the locals. Without the change in Todd from an individualist to a collectivist, the business could not have been as motivated or productive or achieved its goal.Power distance is the extent to which power is unequally distributed in a c ollective. A higher power distance score reflects high unequal distribution of power. From the GLOBE scores India has a higher power distance than the US (India = 5. 47 US = 4. 88) (House et al. 2004). In the movie, the Indian employees show a high power distance because they treat their superiors with respect. This could be seen in the actions of Puro. When he was reprimanded for the first time, he did not end up in an extreme tilt with Todd regarding the high level of the MPI.On the second incident, when he was scolded, he was very apologetic and was thoughtful to demand clean food for Todd. This showed Puros deep awe for the leader of the office. Another example was how the employees did not ask about better working conditions and accepted whatever Todd had dictated on them from the start until much later. However, when compared with the instruction Todd talks to Dave, the barrier between him and the superior is thin. Todd can express his thoughts and freely rebut Dave with h is own opinions such as calling Dave corporate slimeball, arguing over the MPI or the freight of company products.The language used through the communication between Dave and Todd sounds too casual to represent a high power distance. The dissemble power distance had on Todd was great because he had to change his casual methods, as seen during the accent classes, to exerting his leadership on the employees. However, the Power Distance between Todd and Dave did not change. The human orientation of India ranks much higer than the US according to GLOBE project (India = 4. 57 US = 4. 17) (House et al. 004) The business in India does show a more humane style of working such as Asha caring for the employees, Puro caring Todd by taking him into his family circle and even caring for his well-being such as carry him clean food. This dimension also affected the business when Todd finally changes his style of leadership. His humane orientation changes from a negative, sulky manager who lash es out at every opportunity he can to a more encouraging manager who becomes a positive influence to the employees.However, throughout the film we see that Dave does not seem to care about the employees in India or even those who were outsourced right from the start. The carefree words he used when he motivationed to fire his US employees enounce us that he was more interested in cutting the tolls of employment and his location as boss rather that the futures of the employees. This impacted the business in India later when he continued to cut costs further by bringing the business to China. Additionally, Dave keeps bossing and pushing Todd around, first sending him to India, giving him a stern time over his contract and even tried to send him to China.We have already established that India tends towards a collectivist culture and the US an individualist culture. Hence, divers(prenominal) dimensions allow for require different motivational and leadership patterns. An individua list culture has both the employee and employer trying to make communal decisions that will benefit both parties, go in the collectivist culture, the reliance on the leader to have the whole group involved is much greater. (Thomas, 2003) The cultural dimensions of India affects the way things are done in the corporate Indian office and Todd has to see them.Earley (1993) also proved a relationship that collectivist cultures would show more work motivation and productiveness. Using vrooms Motivational possibility, there lies a central theme of Expectancy opening. From there we can identify different motivational factors in the film. Expectancy theory is based on of deciding how much effort should be put into a job for an outcome. The process of Expectancy Theory has 3 elements Effort, consummation and Outcome. Among these 3 components, there are 2 expectancies.First is the Effort to Performance expectancy that is the belief whether making effort will lead to an expected success. The second is the Performance to Output expectancy that is how much value of the reward of the outcome. (Vroom, 1964) What the expectancies mean is that if a person believes that a certain performance will lead to a desired outcome, they will then input effort that will produce the required performance to achieve the outcome. In the middle of the film, this theory can be use when Todd decided to introduce an incentive programme for employees.The programme allowed employee discounts for western novelty products. Additionally, as part of the motivational process, he gave an edict that whoever improves the Minutes Per Incident (MPI) for the day would get their pick on merchandises from their best sellers of their products. This is the work of Expectancy theory taking place with the new incentive programme, the employees clearly kat once what performance will lead to a desired outcome, hence they will instinctively put in effort to achieve the performance required.Whereas for Todd, hi s outcome is to leave India and the performance is to bring the MPI to 6. 0. Hence his effort component will require him to comply with the collectivist culture of the Indian branch to achieve the outcome. Thus we see that their performance component to achieve a 6. 0 MPI is the same, their effort and outcomes are different because of differing roles, and individual goals. These differing roles and goals can be attributed to the differing individual needs. We can also apply Herzbergs Motivation-Hygiene Theory to the film.His theory suggests that satisfaction and dissatisfaction are two separate dimensions instead of two extremes of one dimension. (Herzberg , 1968) His hygiene factors refer to external factors such as factors outside an employees job that influences him. These are dissatisfiers conditions if they are present, the worker is neutral but if absent, the worker will be dissatisfied. In the film, after the Day of Holy, Todd acknowledges his mistake of trying to rifle the Indian branch as an American office and asks how he could change the way the office is run.Suggestions include bringing family pictures to work, allowing them to bring what they want to the office as long as it doesnt get in the way of work, and wear whatever they want to work including ethnic clothing. We can tell from the employees faces that without proper working conditions, they were dissatisfiers to their productivity and after Todd had acknowledged change, it put a smile to their faces. For Todds position, when he first arrived in India, the working conditions were a total dissatisfier because the working conditions were different from his general ones, especially because the place was in a rural lace and even animals were in the office. The culture shock resulted in him becoming difficult in the piece of work such as scolding Puro a few times. However, later on in the film, other hygiene factors such as the build up in relationships between the characters helped overpowere d his original hygiene factors. The second factor from Herzberg is the Motivation factor that is intrinsic in nature. These include interesting work, responsibility or career advancement. If they are present, the worker will be satisfied, but if absent the worker remains neutral.Asha did not want to sign up for the incentive programme, and from her other actions and words, we can don that her motivational factor was the work itself, or a career advancement when she took the initiative to act as supervisor on the Day of Holy and performing as a supervisor when they setup the office on the roof. Todd also promoted her to be the future assistant call manager. For Todd, it was after the Day of Holy where he became motivated to take on the challenge and responsibility of the business. We can also use McClellands wise(p) Needs Theory, to spot other motivational differences between the characters.The Learned Need Theory states that there is three major needs that influences peoples beha viour need for achievement, power and affiliation. (McClelland, 1966, 1985) The need for achievement relates to individuals who want success or failure. This can be identified with Dave whos only concern was himself, maximize the companys profits by outsourcing the lowest cost possible services and neglecting the benefits of others. This need for achievement can also be identified in Todd when he first arrives and is only concerned about himself and forcing the MPI obliterate to 6. 0.However, he then cognise that to achieve this, he has to had establish a reputable presence in the company which is the second need in the Learned Need Theory. The need for power relates to achieving reputation, and control over others. We might only see this through Todd in the later part of the movie whom starts to understand his position in India and makes the best of it by being the best manager possible and trying to win over the employees. But this was still done so that he can leave India when the MPI reaches 6. 0. So Todd achieves this by gaining respect from his subordinates by introducing an incentive programme.Todd knows that by introducing the programme, it will motivate him further. The need for affiliation relates to establishing relationships with others. This is seen in Asha who helps employees every now and then in the film. Ashas needs are also different from other employees, as she does not want any of the incentives outlined by Todd. sort of she establishes relationships between herself, the employees, Puro and Todd. This need is also manifested in these three characters because of the collectivistic corporate nature of the Indian branch.The relationship between the three characters deepens throughout the movie because they realized they were in the same boat and they had to achieve a common goal together, which becomes a shared need. To sum up, the film showed us how our protagonist, Todd, developed his cultural password (CQ). The distinct cultural differ ences between India and US, the contract between Todd and Dave left the protagonist with the uncontested choice to stay put and that had in effect, supported his development of cultural intelligence.Todd had went through the stages of CQ development Reaction, Recognition, Accommodation, Assimilation and Proactivity (Thomas 2003) Not only did he learn about and adapt to the new culture, he had also learned that he had to convert his corporate processes to make the business work. At the end, when Dave recommended Todd to move to China, he declined probably because Todd knew how hard it was to change and adapt to a new culture. References Berger, P. and Luckmann, T. (1967) The Social Construction of Reality. cutting York Doubleday. Earley, P. C. 1983) East meets West meets Mideast Further Explorations of Collectivistic and Individualistic Work Groups, Academy of Management Journal, 36 (2), 319-48 Herzberg, F. (1968) One more Time How Do You Motivate Employees Harvard assembly line review, Jan-Feb Edition, 53-62 Hofstede, G. (1980) Cultures Consequences International Differences in Work-Related Values. Beverly Hills, CA Sage. House, R. J. , Hanges, P. J. , Javidan, M. , Dorfman, P. W. , and Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, Leadership, and Organizations The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Sage Publications London. Javidan, M. , Dorfman, P.W. , de Luque, M. S. , and House, R. J. (2006) In the eye of the beholder Cross-Cultural lessons in leadership from Project GLOBE. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(1) 67-90. McClelland, D. C. (1966) That Urge to Achieve THINK Magazine. McClelland, D. C. (1985) Human Motivation, Glen vview, IL Scott, Foresman. Sathe,V. (1985) Culture and Related Corporate Realities. Homewood, IL Irwin. Thomas D. C. , Inkson K. (2003) Cultural discussion People skills for Global Business, Berrett-Koehler Publishers Vroom, V. H. (1964) Work and Motivation, New York Wiley. 331p.

Millennium Development Goals

In this twenty first century, one of the most widely discussed topics throughout the world is Millennium Development Goals (MDG). In family 2000, meeting at the United Nations Millennium Summit, the world leaders agreed to a remarkable document, the Millennium Declaration. The Declaration demanded that the world set its sights higher and ask for eight specific goals, most of which were to be achieved by 2015. What subsequently came to be known as the MDGs atomic number 18 1. Eradicate extreme privation and hunger. 2. Achieve public primary education. 3. Promote gender equality and empower woman. 4.Reduce child mortality. 5. Improve maternal health. 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases. 7. Ensure environmental sustainability. 8. Develop a global partnership for development. MDG and Bangladesh Bangladesh is signatory of the MDGs and it has make noteworthy progress in the attainment of MDGs. Notwithstanding the relatively slow income growth and modest pace of income pover ty reduction, Bangladeshs achievements in the broad area of human development were faster and in some respects remarkable. Although the level of social deprivations is still high, the pace of improvements has been encouraging.We are happy that our efforts in reducing child mortality in Bangladesh have been duly acknowledged by the United Nations at 65th General fiction session 20-22 September 2010. The world body has presented Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and through her the people of Bangladesh This recognition of Bangladeshs sincere efforts in trying to deform the MDGs set for 2015, while clearly encouraging for us, is also a reminder for us of what we must yet to do in order to tackle the rest sense of the eight MDGs. Our success in reducing child mortality must now be followed by proactive efforts towards achieving the seven other MDG targets. As thePrime Minister pointed out in New York, Bangladesh will need $ 22. 1 billion if it has to attain all the MDGs. Status of MDGs in Bangladesh Goal-1 Bangladesh is well on lead story to achieving goal-1 with poverty coming down to 40% in 2005. The poverty gap ratio has also decreased dramatically to 9. 0. Goal-2 While a significant 87% has been achieved in terms of primary school enrollment,dropout rates remain high & therefore primary school completion rate low. Goal-3 Bangladesh has achieved gender parity in primary and secondary education together with being on interbreed with respect to percentage of women employed in agriculture sector.Goal-4 The country is on track with regard to achieving this goal. Significant strides have been made and if the trend sustains, the country will meet the 2015 target well ahead of schedule. Goal-5 The maternal mortality ratio is on track but the percentage of skilled birth attendants is low. Goal-6Bangladesh has made some progress in the spread of malaria and other diseases. Goal-7 While significant progress has been made in terms of access to safe drinking water and sani tary latrines in urban areas, the same remains a challenge in agrarian areas.Also maintaining wet-lands and bio-diversity is still a challenge. Goal-8 Penetration of telephone lines and internet, particularly cell-phone usage, has increased to a great extent but youth employment rate is still low. Overall, goal-3 has been already achieved. There is more than 50% progress in attaining goal-2. In case of other goals, attainment is possible if necessary changes are made in insurance policy and strategies. Conclusion Bangladesh had adverse initial conditions at the start of its journey three decades ago.With one of the most vulnerable economies of the world characterized by extremely high universe of discourse density, low resource base, high incidence of natural disasters and extremely adverse initial circumstances associated with the inheritance of a war-ravaged economy, the implications for long-term savings, investments and growth were deemed extremely bleak. Bangladesh which was formerly termed the test case of development may indeed represent a learning site for keeping the hopes alive for other equally less happy post-colonial societies with adverse initial conditions.

Introductory Accounting Assignment

ACCT 2060 Introductory Accounting Assignment Semester 2, 2011 This assignment is designed to get you to locate the Annual treats for a gild and become familiar with the contents of an Annual storey, particularly the fiscal statements and the notes to the financial statements. While we flummox looked at very basic formats of the financial statements, the financial statements for a beau monde contain a little more detail and nurture on some items you may not have been introduced to yet.Pay particular attention to the information provided in the notes to the financial statements as you ordain find a lot of useful information in them that may help with some of the questions. REQUIRED You argon required to obtain the 2010 Annual Report of Blackmores Limited and then answer the questions that follow in Part A and Part B. PART A THE follow (8 x 1 = 8 marks) Question 1 Describe the companys principal operating activities. Ans Blackmores Limited manufactures & develops health produc ts. Ref Blackmores AR Report portentous 2010, Page 2Question 2 An auditing firm will have received remune symmetryn for their services. What services did the auditing firm provide for this company in 2010? Ans The auditing firm, DELOITTE TOUCHE TOHMATSU, audited the payment Report included in pages 41 to 48 of the directors report for the year ended 30June 2010. Theirresponsibility is to express an opinion on the Remuneration Report, establish on their audit conducted in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. Ref Blackmores AR Report August 2010, Page 41 to 48, Page 50 and 51 Question 3Using the 2010 Annual Report, separate the cast of the note that deals with Signifi passelt Accounting Policies and identify the method acting of depreciation the company uses to depreciate property, plant and equipment. What is the underlying assumption of this method in apprisal to the usefulness of property, plant and equipment? Ans Total numbers of notes dealing with Significant Acco unting Policies ar 22. Ref Blackmores AR Report August 2010, Page 58 64. The method of depreciation the company adopt onto depreciation of property, plant and equipment is the straight-line method.The underlying assumption is that the residual value is estimated based on the cost of asset over the evaluate useful life. Freehold land is not depreciated. The following estimated useful lives are used in the calculation of depreciation Buildings 2540 years Leasehold improvements 313 years Plant and equipment 320 years Ref Blackmores AR Report August 2010, Page 59. Question 4 The annual report contains a number of reports with only some of these being financial reports. Name all of the financial reports in the 2010 annual report shown for this company in their annual report.Ans The financial reports in the 2010 annual report are affirmation of Financial position as at 30 June 2010, Statement of Comprehensive Income for the. Statement of Changes in Equity and Statement of intercha nge flows. Ref Blackmores AR Report August 2010, Page 53-57. Question 5 Directors of the company will often own shares in the company as well. rank the name of the chairman of the board of directors and identify the number of shares the chairman held in the company at the end of their 2010 financial year (financial year ends June 30, 2010). Ans moderate of the board of directors is Marcus C Blackmore AM Ref Blackmores AR Report August 2010, Page 36. The number of fully paid ordinary shares he has is 4,479,278 Ref Blackmores AR Report August 2010, Page 38. Question 6 Describe the purpose of the external auditors report. Ans The external auditors report is to ensure that the financial reports produced by Blackmores internally are true & fair, complete & accurate. Ref Blackmores AR Report August 2010, Page 51. Question 7 With reference to the consolidated entity What is the broad(a) gist of revenue and other income in 2010? What are the two revenue items? What is the other income comprised of? (You must refer to the relevant note to find the answer to this. ) Ans The total amount of revenue and other income in 2010 is $217,093,000 The two revenue items are Sales and Royalties. The other income comprises of bank deposits / Net foreign exchange gains. Ref Blackmores AR Report August 2010, Page 53 and 67. Question 8 Again with reference to the consolidated entity What is the amount of cash receipts from customers in 2010? Why does this amount disaccord from the 2010 sales figure? AnsThe amount of cash receipts from customers is 2010 is $237,522,000 The amount differ from the 2010 sales figures as not all customer pay cash on payment, some may pay on realisation which result in account receivable. Ref Blackmores AR Report August 2010, Page 57. PART B Analysis of financial information (12 marks) Question 1 (4 marks) Using the consolidated figures for Blackmores Ltd, calculate the following ratios for the years 2009 and 2010. ratios are to be shown at one d ecimal place. You must show all your workings. (Where no workings are shown you will receive zero for this section) . Current ratio ii. Acid test ratio iii. geared wheel ratio iv. Interest cover ratio Ans Current ratio = Current assets / Current liabilities Acid ratio = Current assets (excluding inventory and prepayments) / Current liabilities geared wheel ratio = Long-term liabilities / (Share capital + Reserves + Long-term liabilities) Interest cover ratio = Profit before saki and taxation / Interest Expense Ref cultivate of Business, MBA 2011, Introductory accounting, Course Notes from ACCT2060_1160, Lecture 6, Unit 6 Financial Ratio Analysis, Page102-107 , RMIT University, Melbourne Yr 2009 (Working) Yr 2009 Ratio Yr 2010 (Working) Yr 2010 Ratio Current ratio 69,544 / 31,903 2. 2 82,985 / 34,457 2. 4 Acid Test ratio (69,544-16,072) / 31,903 1. 7 (82,985-22,555) / 34,457 1. 8 Gearing ratio 48,043 / (58,563 + 48,043) 0. 5 48,102 / (71,790 + 48,102) 0. Interest cover ratio 30,335 / 1,372 22. 1 36,746 / 2,442 15. 0 Ref Blackmores AR Report August 2010, Page 53 and 55. Question 2 (2 marks) You have been provided with the following information around another company, company X, in the same industry as Blackmores Ltd COMPANY X Ratio 2010 2009 Current ratio 2. 1. 8 Acid test ratio 1. 2 1. 5 Gearing ratio 1. 2 0. 8 Interest cover ratio (times) 10. 9 13. 1 Using the information above and the calculations in Part B Question 1, you are required to analyse the fluidity and financial gearing (leverage) of Blackmores Ltd and connection X by providing ) a description of the movement in for each one of the ratios for Blackmores Ltd b) a description of the movement in each of the ratios for order X c) an explanation of what each of these ratios tell you about Blackmores Ltd d) an explanation of what each of these ratios tell you about Company X Ans A) The current ratio for Blackmores Ltd indicates that the company is experiencing a slight change magnit ude in current asset over current liability. The pane of glass ratio for Blackmores Ltd indicates that the company has slight outgrowth in current asset over the current liability excluding inventories.The gearing ratio for Blackmores Ltd indicates that the company has marginal increase in long term liability over equity. The interest cover ratio for Blackmores Ltd indicates that the company has increase in interest expense. B) The current ratio for Company X indicates that the company is experiencing a slight increase in current asset over current liability. The acid ratio for Company X indicates that the company has slight decline in current asset over the current liability excluding its inventories.The gearing ratio for Company X indicates that the company has marginal increase in long term liability over equity. The interest cover ratio for Company X indicates that the company has increase in interest expense. C) In Blackmores Ltd current ratio, we see a 20cents increase in li quidity to repay for every 1 buck of obligation in the next operating cycle. By zooming further into acid ratio test, it becomes clearer that the company has only a 10cents increase in liquidity to repay for every 1 dollar of obligation inwardly 90days as it excludes inventories and prepayment.In gearing ratio, we can conclude that Blackmores Ltd has lowered their long term by 10cents per 1 dollar obligation. As for interest ratio, it reflects that Blackmores Ltd has to pay more interest on outstanding debt. D) In Company X current ratio, we see an increase in 30cents in liquidity to repay for every 1 dollar of obligation in the next operating cycle. Looking further into the acid ratio test, it becomes clearer that the company actually have a 30cents decline in liquidity to repay for every 1 dollar of obligation within 90days and we also can assume that the company has a lot of inventories or prepayments.In gearing ratio, we can assume that Company X has change magnitude their lo ng term liabilities in certain aspect. In interest cover ratio of Company X, it also reflects that Company X has to pay more interest on outstanding debt. Question 3 (2 marks) Assume you are considering becoming a creditor for Blackmores Ltd or Company X (from Part B Question 2 above). That is, you will only be providing credit to one of them. Explain which company you would prefer to provide goods to on credit and why you have chosen this company. You may consider both financial and non-financial information in making this decision.Ans I would provide goods on credit to Blackmores Ltd because Blackmores Ltd has a higher ability to pay off obligations as compare to Company X reference from their current and acid ratio. Also, Blackmores Ltd shows that the company is relatively low in term of leverage shown from gearing ratio. Question 4(4 marks) Prepare a table similar to the table below. Complete the table by inserting information from Blackmores financial statements (consolidated f igures). wager each item as a percentage (%) of sales revenue. Financial Item 2010 ($) % 2009 ($) % Sales 214,934,000 100. 0 200,314,000 100. 0 Total expenses 180,347,000 83. 9 171,380,000 85. 6 promotional and other rebates 19,054,000 8. 9 18,581,000 9. Raw materials and consumables used 65,748,000 30. 6 71,338,000 35. 6 Employee benefits expense 48,179,000 22. 4 42,212,000 21. 1 Selling and marketing expenses 19,134,000 8. 9 21,078,000 10. 5 Net take in attributable to equity holders of the parent 24,297,000 11. 20,782,000 10. 4 Refer to the table above to explain the surgical procedure of Blackmores in 2010 compared to 2009. Ans Based on the above table, Blackmores Ltd performance in 2010 is has increase in sales by 7. 3% compared to 2009. By looking at the table, we can determine that the company has cut down on expenses. Particular area is the buying of raw materials and other consumables and marketing expenses. With these we can assume that marketing is successful. The other reason is because the companys equity has increased as well.This means more dividends for the shareholder. Ref Blackmores AR Report August 2010, Page 53 and 55. OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION Format and foundation The assignment of necessity to be presented and formatted according to the guidelines shown in this semesters Course Guide. You need to ensure that the numeric answers you provide are accurate. For example, some figures are shown in thousands while others are not showing an answer as $102 instead of $102,000 will result in a mark of zero for such a question as there is obviously quite a difference between these two figures.Also ensure that you read each question carefully as some questions will ask for a figure for a particular year and for either the Group (Consolidated) Financial Reports or the Parent Entity (Company). Referencing As you will be use a companys Annual Report as the basis for answering many of the questions asked in this assignment, you need to en sure that you acknowledge this in your assignment. In fact, any sources that you use need to be acknowledged in order to avoid plagiarism. Information on referencing can be found in the Guidelines for Referencing and Presentation at the RMIT website using the following address (http//www. mit. edu. au/bus/students). A copy can also be found on the Blackboard under the Course Documents folder. From the Blackboard site there is also an online referencing resource that you might find useful. It can be found by following these links outdoor(a) Links / Study and Learning Centre / Study Skills/Referencing/Referencing for Business Students. In-Text Referencing and the Reference List Sources of information must be cited both in the body of the schoolbook (in-text referencing) and the end of the assignment (reference list). Failure to do so will result in penalties.Remember that when referencing an Annual Report it is a corporate document that does not have a particular author but it will still require referencing any time you use information from it. Any other documents or books or other references you use will also require referencing. Penalties Regarding Referencing No in-text referencing deduct 1. 5 marks Some in-text referencing only deduct 1 mark No reference list deduct 1. 5 marks Incomplete reference list deduct 1 mark Policy on Late Submissions The indemnity on late submissions can be found in the current semesters course guide. ASSIGNMENT TOTAL 20 Marks

Continuum: Poetry Essay

Continuum anything that goes through a gradual transition from one figure to a diffrerent condition, without any abrupt changes or discontinuities In this verse, Curnow explains the hardness of poem. He is waiting for inspiration for his poem and he is bored virtually thid and wants to sleep. He explains that writing a poem is an endless cycle. He personifies lunar month as a symbol for himself which creates a restless mood. The poet can not rest until he completed his poem. I am talking about myself this sentence suggests the reader that the poet is lonely and isolated.His source for inspiration is genius in this poem and he sais Better bare-foot it out the front because he wants to connect directly with the nature. He can not concentrate anything because of his restless mood. washed-out creation and unappeasable-place imageries suggest that he wants to find somatotrophin unique. A long moment stretches, the next one is not on time. this sentence means that the poet doesnt n otice the time had gone. Curnow used (query) because he want to explain his sense of questioning.The cringing demiurge is the yeasty location of the persona and he is in an inner-conflict because one side of him wants to sleep the other one wants to write a poem. At last stanza, we are not sure but we understand that he found somatotropin corresponding inspiration and he turns to his bed, stealthily in step. Curnows punctuation suggests that he is lose of control. His commas shows that he is jumping from thought to thought. Curnows enjambment rambling poets own thoughts. The poems grammatical construction is also explains the theme and title of th poem, Continuum.The poem is also composed of very long stanzas which explains the humiliated mind of the speaker. Allen Curnows Continuum is a poem on the continuity of poetic inspiration. The poetic source of input signal of great poets since ages has been the landscape. The moonlight has been a persistent metaphor for poetic ins piration in celebrated poems like Samuel Coleridges Dejection An Ode. The poets quality of being a satirist is prominent here. He graduation asserts that the moon rolls over the roof, and falls back. This is to imply that his poetic capabilities are sinking.Subsequently, he goes on to substantiate that the moon does neither of these things, he is talking about himself. When poets generally do falter in poetic outfit or due to lack of inspiration, they tend to blame the external circumstances. However, Here Allen Curnow asserts that the poet himself is to be blamed for, poetic inspiration comes from deep down and not from outside. Being sleepless is not an excuse for writing a poem. watchfulness does not necessarily allow one to ruminate over a subject, or planet or subjective thoughts.The condition of insomnia can also be dodged conveniently by walking barefoot on the front. The speakeris then visualized as an onlooker of nature. As he stands at the porch he beholds an objective vox populi of himself, as he discerns across the privets/and the palms a washed out creation. This portion is a dark space. The poet moves to his satiric tone yet again. This dark space contains two particular clouds, one was supposed to be a source of inspiration for the poet, and the other for his adversary-the other fellow poet.Bright clouds dissipateed(query) by the moon, ones mine The others an adversary, which may depend on the wind or something. The clouds seem to dust the moon for the poet in his quest/query for poetic stimulation. Nevertheless as one cloud functions in his favour, the other (cloud) poses as an adversary that may shadow the cloud, accompanied by the wind. Poetic brainwave or competence must not mar the others inspiration, for each poet has his individualistic insight that springs from within and does depend on external features.Creative Inspiration The poet gets the feeling that he has overcome his writers block. As creativity begins in impulses, there ar e gaps. The next gap is a long one, and manifestly the next poetic impulse is not on time. Corresponding to the inner lack of productivity, the feet outside lack warmth as the chill of the planking underfoot rises. As the poet cringes for poetic output based on external inspiration, the night sky seems to empty all it contents down, as in an action of body waste or vomiting.The speaker then turns on his bare heel and closes the door signaling the end of his creative endeavour. This is He, the objective Author, feeding on this litter of the scenic sky and employing his poetic tools in the process. Therefore, he is ably the cringing demiurge. The demiurge is a concept from the Platonic, Middle Platonic, and Neoplatonic schools ofphilosophy for an artisan-like figure responsible for the fashioning and maintenance of thephysical beingness.Although a fashioner, the demiurge is not quite the creator figure in the familiar monistic sense both the demiurge itself and the real(a) from w hich the demiurge fashions the universe are the product of some other being. (Wikipedia) The poet Allen Curnow asserts that he neither is he original, nor his poetic source of insight. This is because the move stimuli did not spring from Him. It is objective, when it should be rather subjective. Continuum * Allen Curnow In the poem Continuum by Allen Curnow, he tells us about his lack of inspiration or his lack to create.The theme of the poem revolves around poetic inspiration, and how he is unable to get that inspiration. He uses a variety of literary devices to portray this. The title, Continuum, shows us that the problem he talks about, his lack of inspiration is never ending and is continuing all the time. The first stanza shows us Curnows unstable thoughts the roof falls behind, as he is unable to compose poetry he is in a sense of rolling and falling all over the place. In the first parentage, the backchat moon is used as a metaphor, as a symbol for himself.As the moon is unable to shine on its own, as it depends on the sun, just like that Curnow depends on his writing to keep him going away in life. The first stanza also tells you about the setting and time of the poem which is at night. The poem has no rhyme scheme, this tells us that the poet is finding it difficult to express his thoughts, and he cannot tap into the world of imagination. The last line of the first stanza I am talking about myself. Also shows his frustration. In the next stanza, Curnow is seeking company with nature to find poetic inspiration.The line, Its not possible to get off to sleep, tells us that the poet is unable to sleep which shows that something is troubling him. Curnow goes out barefoot, to rid himself of the human material and wants to connect with nature. He stands in the porch looking at the moon and the clouds, not really conscious of either the time or the chill that he starts to feel. Curnow eventually goes back to bed having written this poem. He writes abou t himself as some other person or thing He says he is the moon in the last stanza he writes as if he is describing what he did to the the author.Curnow walks stealthily in step as if half of him is afraid of what is chance to him. Summary The author writes about his inability to sleep due to his inability to come up with material to write about (most likely a poem, could be another form of text). He therefore gets up in the dead of night when everyone is asleep and experiences a surreal world as his reality and dreams merge together in one beautiful work of poetry. It is ironic however, that when he finds nothing to write about, he writes about his inability to write.

Online School vs. Public School Essay

Sloan Consortium stated that, more than one million students attended classes via the Internet in 2008. Of those million, around 200,000 were enrolled in full-time virtual schools, sum they attend every of their classes online. I have been doing Online Schooling for two grades scarce before that I went to public school. Online schooling is a better choice than public schooling because you have more control, in that location is no drama, and you have more free time.I prefer online homeschooling because I smoke control my pace. I wank to decide when I want to work and I dont have to canvass all day, everyday like I normally would. The course schedule is also up to me courses can be done one at a time or in groups. During my first course at an online school I did five courses at one time. Its now my second year and I am doing one course at a time, which I definitely prefer. At reality schools, course schedules are picked for me and I would have no control. You also cant contro l what is spill on in your school environment.One of the best things ab divulge online school is that there is never any(prenominal) drama. I really hate gossiping, which is a big problem at public schools. Because I however interact with other kids from my school by way of the internet there is no pettiness in the midst of us. Kids my duration fight over friends and boyfriends or girlfriends. Theres nonhing to fight about when you persist as far away from each other as we do. At normal schools though, you see everyone everyday. When your evermore with the same group of people, someones feelings are always getting hurt and there is never-ending arguments. Many of situations involve your friends. If your friends with someone you cant be friends with anyone they dont like, which can get very complicated. 3When doing school online, you have much more free time. If I stay caught up, Im able to do things later on school and on the weekends. When I was in public school, I had fa r too much homework to do anything. Now Im able to acknowledge a few days off for vacation or because Im sick and not have to worry about falling far behind. While at public school all of my time was filled by homework, but now Im able to spend hours after school with my horse or just relaxing. Some of my family has expressed concern about me notinteracting with children my age because I dont go to public school. Because of online schooling, Im able to hang out with my friends at our barn. Before I switched I never saw any of my friends outside of school because I never had the time.Online schooling is a much better choice than public schooling. The benefits of online school far outgo those of public schooling. With Online schooling you have so umpteen more choices, everything is up to you There are many different schooling choices but online schooling has made my life easier and stress free. I definitely purpose that you look into online schooling as an alternative to public sc hool. It may not be right for everyone, but it might be right for you.

Macbeth Servant Diary Entries Essay

Dear diary,as I am a handmaid in Thane Macbeths fort I have noticed a sudden change in his behaviour. I have always thought of Macbeth as a courageous, honest loyal man, however I have witnessed many events that have forced me to think otherwise.When Macbeth returned from battle, he was greeted by wench Macbeth in the Castle. I was cleaning the floors in the room next door to ensure that e genuinelything was presentable for the arrival of King Duncan. Lady Macbeth seemed very excited to see him and Macbeth looked just as happy. They seemed to be having a pleasant short conservation. Nevertheless, whilst I was departure out to fetch some clean water I overheard Lady Macbeth say something very strange to Macbeth. She said Your hand, your tongue look like the innocent flower but be the ophidian nethert.I replayed this over and over in my head yet I could not visualize what it could have meant. Macbeth had always been loyal and truthful. What actions were he going to take that were so evil that they would reveal the snake in the grass inside him? All these questions remained unanswered, well not for long anywayDear diary,I went to the courtyard of the castle with Macbeth. There we met Banquo and Fleance. Banquo was feeling rather uneasy about going to sleep because he was fearing that he result dream of three, weird sisters. Macbeth persuaded Banquo to talk about the things he was perceive in his dreams with him sometime.After they had finished talk of the town, everyone left-hand(a) leaving Macbeth alone in the courtyard. I decided to observe his actions therefore I hid in the shadow. Macbeth started talking to himself about how he can see a dagger before him. He seemed really confused about whether or not the dagger was really there or if it was just a fancy in his mind. What was he going on about? I was standing right there as well and I could see everything in his view. There was nothing there not a dagger in sight What I could not understand was w hy he as acting so crazy all of a sudden? Normal people do not imagine seeing daggers before their eyes. Perhaps the fact that the object was a dagger may be related to something that was on his mind. I can just tell from the abnormalities in Macbeths behaviour that something is going on which is going to lead to tragedy.Dear diary,King Duncan has been murdered I was startled to hear the ringing of the alarm doorbell this morning. I ran out of my bed and heard Macduff announce the murder. I could not believe it happened, right under our very noses.Through all the hustle bustle, I kept a close eye on Macbeth who had reacted very strangely in the situation. I would have expected him to be in deep rue as he had a great relationship with King Duncan and they were thought of as good friends. rather he killed the servants that had supposedly murdered King Duncan and claimed he acted out of great fury and without thinking.Personally, I get int think that the servants killed King Duncan as they had no motive whatsoever. Macbeth has become a changed man and he should be watched in everything he does. The thruth go forth always come out and whoever murdered King Duncan will pay the price for doing so.

Application for Gaining Admission to a Course in Optometry in the SCCO

It is my heartfelt objective to turn over in the tweak naturalise of the Southern California College of Optometry or the SCCO, in order to be awarded the degree of Doctor of Optometry. near of my understandings for choosing the SCCO argon that it has a highly erudite and accessible faculty, who argon unceasingly willing to trumpow their personalized attention to the genuine needs of their students.Further, I came to know about the high academic standards that are always maintained at the SCCO from a student who is in her final year of graduation at the SCCO. Moreover, the SCCO has had a formidable reputation for excellence in education for several years therefore, I am exclusively convinced that I will acquire an excellent clinical and didactic education at this school.Another reason for my choice is that I am endowed with an open and inquisitive mind, which would be of immense benefit in this school, because it imparts to students the latest technological changes in their line of study.Since, I am committed to devoting a lot of bm and time to acquiring knowledge in this field of study I will be benefitted to a very great limit, as this school drives the maximum effort possible to help students to succeed in their chosen field of study.Furthermore, I am highly desirous of studying this course at this school for the reasons appended in the sequel. The avowed goal of the Doctor of Optometry, a four year course, is designed to groom primary feather health care professionals who are well versed with the latest technological developments in their field of study.Every student of this course is given thorough training in anatomy, biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology, clinical patient care and practice presidential term and management. In addition, there are several clinical programs on offer, which ensure that students perform proficient in a number of health care delivery systems and in succoring patients hailing from a variety of social, economic , racial, ethnic and educational milieu (Why attend SCCO?).In addition, the SCCO offers clinical programs that contain patient encounters, which are unique and progressive. Such programs are the best on offer in Optometry education. Moreover, the faculty of the SCCO comprises of erudite scholars in the basic sciences and clinical medicine.These faculty members are not only highly qualified but also highly experienced in their field of specialization. This unique combination of knowledge and experience proves to be extremely beneficial to the students of optometry in the SCCO (Why attend SCCO?).The extent to which the faculty members involve themselves with their students can be evaluated from the fact that these faculty members work very hard to make the students acquire a mastery over optometry and to this end they encourage personal interaction, exchange of ideas and discussions on the candidate of the students towards their chosen profession.In all these endeavors, an undercurre nt of total professionalism is always evident (Why attend SCCO?).Moreover, students at SCCO invent a highly privileged class. These students come from a vast array of cultural, educational and geographical backgrounds and therefore, they are provided with an excellent opportunity to acquire a large amount of social knowledge.Further, students learn in an breeze of health and keen competition, due to the proliferation of class notes, study groups and review sessions. It goes without saying that this competition enables the students to perform at their optimum academic level (Why attend SCCO?).In addition, there are a number of activities, in which students are persuaded to engage in. Some of these are intercollegiate contests and competitions, activities that relate to the community, service activities, lectures, social functions and fraternal activities. These activities help the students to become highly proficient in interacting with society and each other (Why attend SCCO?).The above features, which are do readily available to every student at SCCO, make it extremely beneficial and attractive to study at the SCCO. It is an indisputable fact that The SCCO has rendered and continues to render yeoman service in the field of optometry education. Therefore, it is my earnest disposition to participate and contribute my mite to this endeavor.ReferencesWhy attend SCCO? (n.d.). Retrieved September 1, 2007, from Southern California College of

Spain Rise and Fall

Before the 16th century, Spain was non recognized as a legitimate powerhouse in atomic number 63. They were known as a really strong Catholic orientated country located in the Iberian Peninsula north of Morocco. However, in the matter of a span of little over a light speed years, Spain obtained a great amount of wealthiness and power through conquests and inheritance from the king. Just as they were the sterling(prenominal) pudding stone in the world, it fell a government agency and soon declined into the status of a third-rate power in Europe.King Charles V of Spain inherited many lands of Europe because of his family background. In 1506, he had obtained the Burgundain Lands, which included the Low Countries and Flanders. He was besides the grandson of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, the great two Spanish monarchs from the late 15th century. In 1516, he became the initial monarch to rule a united Spain. He was not through yet. In 1519 he was disposed(p) the Habsburg do of imports in Austria. Not only that, but in 1530 he was named Holy Roman Emperor.This meant that Charles V has comprise over the three leading dynasties of Europe at the time- the House of Habsburg of the Habsburg Monarchy, the House of Valois-Burgundy house of the Burgundian Netherlands, and the House of Trastamara of the Crowns of Castile and Aragon. This meant in Europe Charles V had control completly over the Central, Western, and Southern lands. No otherwise monarch in Europe had as much land as Charles V had in the European continent. Not only did he have that land, but as well as from the Spanish conquests in the Americas and Asia, Charles V had the first global empire in the world.His empire became very rich and powerful from those conquests and imported goods they received from those places. The Columbian Exchange was the exchange of plants and animals from the rare World and the New World in which Spain and other empires successfully benefited from. From 1493, Columbus introduced horses, cattle, sheep, dogs, pigs, chicken, and goats. The rate at which these animals grew were spectacular, therefrom leading to more food for the Spanish universe of discourse which gave them a population increase and more specie flowing in because of the extra meats.Not only that, but Spain brought back maize from Mexico, white potatoes from Peru, and various beans, squash, pumpkins, avocados, and tomatoes. corn whisky was a great gift for the Spanish because it was used as food for all peoples and livestock of the world. Since it gave a high yield per unit of land and a short growing season, it proved to be an especially important cash crop for them. The discovery of silver in the Americas was what really established Spain as the frugal powerhouse of the world. In 1545, the Spanish discovered an enormous amount of silver in the city of Potosi.When it was discovered, no one lived in Potosi. By 1600 however, 160,000 people lived there. This made it about the size of the city of London at the time. Potosi yielded about 60 percent of all the worlds silver mined in the world and made Spain very powerful and oh so rich once again. Another way the Spanish became successfully rich was from the striver trade. Their slave system was called the encomienda system, which was a legal form of slavery there. The Crown gave permission the conquerors the right to hire groups of Amerindians as agricultural or mining laborers.However as soon as the rapid decline of Amerindian population followed, the Spanish turned to the black slaves of Africa. This started what soon called the Triangular Trade route. The ships were crammed and packed with hundreds of captives in the boats in graze for them to increase profits because the more slaves you had alive in your ship, the more money you received. However, the dominance of Spain proved to be temporary and short lived. Through the result of all the increase of the amount of food and land, it was no confusion that the population experienced a steady increase.This also created a sharp rise in the ingest of foods and goods throughout the empire. Since Spain had removed their best farmers and businessmen- the Muslims and the Jews- in the fifteenth century, the economy was suffering greatly and could not experience the new demands, so prices rose. As well as that, the cost of manufacturing cloth and other goods increased, and Spanish products were not able to compete with cheaper products made elsewhere in the international market. King Charles V was no eight-day king of Spain by 1556 because he was tired from he long decades of ruling the vast empire. Through his master he spent time warring with the French and the Ottoman Empire throughout his reign. He also spent his time devoting his time to stamp out the Protestant Reformation. Thus, the throne was passed down to his son Phillip II. The main event and problem that crucially hit the Spanish Empire was the British problem. On 1586 Mary, Q ueen of sparing who was the cousin and heir of Elizabeth, became involved in a plot to assassinate her. This was for the hope for England to reunite with Catholic Europe.Phillip fully loseed the plot. Not long after, Mary was discovered and was beheaded on February 18, 1587. Phillip soon hear of the news and went after to conquer England. Conquering England promised the additional benefit of cutting off financial support to Dutch rebels since Spain was in a bitter war with the Dutch at the time. Phillips strategy was to prepare a vast fleet to sail from Lisbon to Flanders. They would fight off Elizabeths navy if needed, rendezvous with the duke of Parma, and escort barges carrying Parmas phalanx across the English Channel.On May 9, 1588 Phillips fleet of 130 set sail from the Lisbon harbor. The fleet was part of the great Spanish Armada. The Armada met an English fleet in the Channel. The English ships were smaller but faster, allowing more manoeuvrability in the water. Many of the ships had greater firing power than the Armada ships. The combination of storms, spoiled food and rank water, wanting ammunition, and the scattering of the Spanish ships from the English fire ships gave England victory. The Armada was defeated even before they reached the Netherlands.On the way back, many other ships went down near Ireland and about 65 of the ships were able to make it back home. The defeat of the Armada prevented Phillip II from re-imposing apparitional unity on Western Europe by force. He unfortunately did not conquer England, and Elizabeth proceed with her financial and military support of the Dutch. In 1609, Phillip III of Spain (r. 1598-1621) agreed to a truce. This truce recognized the independency of the United Provinces. In the seventeenth-century, memory of the loss of the Spanish Armada contributed to a spirit of defeatism.It was all set and done in little over a century. Spain had completed its epic collapse from being the global empire of the worl d, to now being a third-rate power in the seventeenth-century. Spain obtained a great amount of wealth and power through conquests and inheritance from the king in the sixteenth-century. Just as they were the greatest empire in the world, it all fell apart and soon declined into the status of a third-rate power in Europe. In all, we can see how things can quickly change from being outstanding to disastrous.

The risks posed by money laundering and corruption to the global Essay

The risks posed by coin launder and decomposition to the spheric financial organisation and outside(a) business - Essay ExampleThis is because it involves breaching of ones duty. Moreover, putrescence has been connect with gold laundering. This is because money laundering entails concealing funds that have been generated through illegal means. Money laundering is often conducted world(prenominal)ly since the concealing of the illegal funds entails transferring it across international borders. The money is then deposited or invested in legitimate institutions to make it appear as if it was generated legally. Therefore, there is need for comprehensive strategies to deal with corruption and money laundering. This is because money obtained through corruption is often used for laundering purposes. Consequently, money laundering and corruption crimes atomic number 18 often interwoven and require to be dealt with concurrently. This essay focuses on analyzing the risks posed by mo ney laundering and corruption to the global financial system and international business. Additionally, the essay will entail designation of the sufficiency of the current international efforts in dealing these threats. Currently, corruption is considered one of the major obstacles hampering global frugal development. This is because it is a major crime affecting many nations and impedes sustainable economic development. Furthermore, corruption is a major global concern since it hampers global business. Moreover, global corruption is more complicated since it requires cooperation of different governments to deal with it. On the other hand, money laundering is considered a major profit driven crime facing international businesses and financial systems. Actually, the corruption and money laundering are closely linked. Moreover, they continue to play a spoiled role in threatening international business operations. This is because money laundering accelerates corruption and vice vers a (Lilley 2006 Chaikin & Sharman 2009). Risks be By Money Laundering and Corruption to the Global Financial System and International Business In the past, money laundering was viewed as a means of cleaning dirty money obtained through wicked activities such as drug trafficking. However, it has been realized that money laundering entails more that this and it is a crime. Since most guilty activities involve corruption, money laundering enhances corruption by enabling criminals conceal their activities. The effects of corruption are eminent in social, economic, and politic settings. In case of international business, corruption and money laundering present to distortion of the financial markets. This is because these misconducts spread from one financial market to another easily (Chaikin & Sharman 2009). Corruption and money laundering are an international concern. This is because there is increasing imitation of the forms of corruption used from one demesne to another. In cases where money obtained through corruption mean is transferred and invested in another company elsewhere, the companies involved faculty start conflicting. Therefore, corruption and money laundering threaten international business relations since they create international disputes. Such disputes often involve banks (Lilley 2006). Money laundering leads to creation of illegal schemes aimed at concealing unlawfully earned assets. Therefore, it becomes hard for corruption cases to be identified. Therefore, corruption and money laundering affect the judicial system making it hard to prevent cases of corruption, which are hard to detect. Actually, the

Summary and response Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Summary and response - Assignment ExampleThis is because culture shock often extends distant long enough to cause many students to disrupt their studies. This is why a way should be raise to assimilate these students into campus life to enrich their foreign life experiences.I agree with this idea presented by Tas in his research study that foreign students are important assets to the US in terms of the contributions they make to enrich campus culture, local economy, and academic competitiveness. Research also confirms the validity of this idea claiming that contributions made by foreign students are so massive that they are worth the recruitment and visa challenges (Godwin, n.d.). The idea is also supported by research that culture shock for foreign students can get under ones skin so big that a say of cognitive dissonance or catch-22 can be created for them easily. In such a state, it can become very difficult for them to continue their studies. This is why efforts should be ma de by administrators and instructors to help foreign students overcome these stark differences they encounter in the classroom and academic system (Godwin,

Cultural Competency Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cultural Competency - seek Paper ExampleThe paper would primarily discuss the ways and means the instill can answer adapt the new students in the new environment.The school starts in two weeks time. Thus, creating a ethnical development within the school environment must become the priority of the educational leadership within the school. Sederberg (1984) claims that in organization the power belongs to those who can define or describe circumstances in ways that allure others that things are as they say they are. Educational leaders, who are endowed with effective communication skill and cultural understanding, have the capability to influence the cultural identity of the group within the institute thus facilitating changes in the institutional culture to adapt to the changing environment.Thus, the role of specialist t individuallyers or teachers who are proficient in the language of the immigrant population becomes highly crucial. Learning the language and culture of the host country facilitates rapid adjustment. Hence, school administration and the teachers must take initiative in encouraging networking with immigrant population and their children so as to progress to awareness regarding the need to adapt to changes vis--vis language barrier and cross cultural understanding. As a specialist teacher, I would facilitate their adjustment by organizing interactive session to familiarize them with new language and culture. The direct aim would be to teach them all important(p) words of English so that they are able to take with the rest of the students.Another aspect would be to create cross cultural understanding. This is a very important aspect of teachers as leaders. They are able to motivate the students coming from diverse background to understand each others culture and develop mutual respect. Indeed, educational leadership helps in the process of acculturation. Initial loss of

Taxation portfolio Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Taxation portfolio - Assignment ExampleIt is due to this understanding that students without business background often get intimidated whenever they embark of tax income incomeation as a job to study. Nonetheless, it is important to understand taxation concepts and how they impact on businesses as they prep be to enter paid practice. globalization has forced political relations to acknowledge the significance of small businesses in the present competitive markets. In this regard, governments have hypothecate regulations to implement numerous taxes with a view of maximizing revenue collection. Globally, small and medium enterprises are know for their contribution to economic growth, entrepreneurship and employment creation. Basically, small businesses are known universally as engines for economic growth. This piece of music focuses on the tax aspects of a small-scale wine business in Australia and also tax implications of idiosyncratic employees. Taxation consequences This is because they stimulate economic growth and therefore, play a critical role in riches creation. In Australia, small and medium enterprises account for 37% of economic production and employ roughly 3.7 zillion people. Nevertheless, similar to other small and medium enterprises across the globe, respectfulness with government regulations heavily impacts on their operations. This is because SMEs bear significant costs of compliance cost relative to their size. According to Hasseldine and Anold, government regulations, in particular, tax compliances are a major issue for SMEs (370). For instance, following intense political debate, the Australian government introduced good and services tax (GST) which was one of the significant tax reform policies. This was an outrage on the economic impact of GST to SMEs starting with start-up taxation costs. Compliance costs as defined by Kumar, are those costs incurred by businesses in meeting the requirements in order to comply with a given tax s tructure besides payment of tax itself (35). Such costs include legal and other professional fees, acquisition costs among others. GST compliance costs popularly known as commencement costs are usually incurred by the business in preparation to comply with GST legislation. According to National Audit Office, SMEs forms the large component of the informal sector and are known to evade tax (44). Pope and Fernandez discover that complex tax registration, and high tax rates are the main contributing factors to problems experienced by SMEs in the Australian tax system (15). Value-Added Tax Act provides that Australian economy cannot fence effectively with other world economies when SMEs continues operating in an informal sector (9). In this vein, it is therefore, paramount to abase the informal sector by putting in place a simplified tax system. Australian government acknowledges the significance of SMEs to the economy and has been providing support to entities falling under this group by way of trim tax and tax compliance burden. In addition, the government has also simplified reporting requirements and record keeping. For instance, in 2006 budget, the Australian government passed to reduce taxes on SMEs by AUS$ 435 million over the following four years. As such, SMEs continued to receive more assistance by aligning thresholds, streamlining definitions and reducing tax complexity and compliance costs. SMEs are required by law to maintain record of their sales, which includes income earned excluding GST. Tax compliance and organisation