Corporate Business World: Ethics and Morality Essay

Ethics and morals are a requirement in the corporate business world. Each day employees are faced with moral and ethical issues; and because they have their own individual set of morals, they behave differently. Many have formed a good understanding of the basics of ethics, leadership, morality and social responsibility; but most do not really understand the true meaning of values, ethics and morality. The roots of ethics in America teach us â€Å"Ten Universal Values,† namely, honesty, integrity, promise-keeping, fidelity, fairness, caring, respect for others, responsible citizenship, pursuit of excellence, and accountability. However, recent history teaches us 12 ethical principles that include two additional values, namely leadership, and reputation and morals to the list that I will discuss in this essay. I will also discuss the differences between ethical and moral issues. In business, ethics and character count. Therefore, I will also discuss some organizations that have been destroyed or damaged due to their unethical and immoral behavior in business. Let’s begin with Merriam Webster’s Dictionary definition of ethics. According to this dictionary, ethics is defined as: an area of study that deals with ideas about what is good and bad behavior; a branch of philosophy dealing with what is morally right or wrong (Merriam-Webster). According to our text, ethics is defined in two ways. First, it states that ethics are the principles of conduct that governs an individual or group. An example would be the rules by which an individual lives his or her personal life (Text pg 8). A great example would be when a child makes the decision to  break the rules of a game, he is creating conflict between himself and his playmates. Then again, the child who chooses to play by the rules ultimately enjoys friendship and closeness with his playmates, which is a benefit to himself. Our text defines ethics from the dictionary as â€Å"the study of morality.† Ethics may deal with morality, but it is not the same as morality (Text p g ­ 8). Our text states that ethics is a kind of investigation [that] includes both the activity of investigating as well as the results of that investigation. Whereas, morality is the subject matter that ethics investigates (Text pg 8). This brings us to the dictionary definition of morality which defines it as: beliefs about what is right behavior and what is wrong behavior, or the degree to which something is right and good; the moral goodness or badness of something (Merriam-Webster). Two good examples are correcting a financial error in your favor when you know that it would never be discovered and a co-worker stealing food out of the freezer. These are crimes, the moral issue is do you report them or not? There are guidelines and standards in which employees are expected to follow if an employee decides to stay employed. Ethical principles serve as a guide to making decisions and they also serve to establish the criteria by which your decisions will be judged by others. In the business world, it is critical how people judge your character because it is the basis of trust and credibility. Your reputation is what people perceive of your actions. Are they honorable and ethical? Whereas your character is defined by your actions and if they are they honorable and ethical according to the following 12 ethical principles: 1. Honesty – Be honest in all communications and actions. 2. Integrity – Maintain personal integrity. 3. Promise-keeping – Keep promises and fulfill commitments. 4. Loyalty – Be loyal within the framework of other ethical principles. 5. Fairness – Strive to be fair and just in all dealings. 6. Caring – Demonstrate compassion and a genuine concern for the well-being of others. 7. Respect for others – Treat everyone with respect. 8. Law Abiding – Obey the law. 9. Commitment to excellence – Pursue excellence all the time in all things. 10. Leadership – Exemplify honor and ethics. 11. Reputation and Morale – Build and protect and build the company’s good reputation and the moral of its employees. 12. Accountability – Be accountable. Both character and reputation should be a concern for successful executives because both can be destroyed by their actions that are perceived to be unethical (http://josephsoninstitute.  Ethics are an integral learned part of the success or failure of a business. Several large organizations such as Enron and WorldCom have been destroyed and some organizations such as AIG, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac have been seriously damaged due to unethical practices of their top executives. Most notable is the Ponzi scheme by Bernie Madoff and other executives of Enron Corporation who convinced thousands of investors to fork over their savings by falsely promising consistent profits in return and falsely inflated the company’s revenues, through their accounting practices that made them become the seventh largest company in the world. When the scheme was uncovered, the company fell unraveled and, consequently, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in December, 2001. Seven years later, Madoff wa s caught and charged with 11 counts of fraud, money laundering, perjury, and theft after conning his investors out of $65 billion and went undetected for many years. He was sentenced to 150 years in prison (S. Yang 2014). More locally, my daughter previously worked for the Finance Department of the Marion Housing Authority and was terminated by Executive Director, Frederick Hunt, for not participating in practicing that ethically and morally wrong. After a three-year investigation, Hunt was arrested and preliminarily charged with two counts of forgery, one count of corrupt business influence and four counts of theft for misusing more than $20,000 in Marion Housing Authority funds. According to the Grant County Prosecutor, checks were written to a sub-contractor, Hunt forged the payee’s name and deposited the funds into his own personal account; charged over $12,000 on a company credit card and made several in his hometown of North Carolina (C. Franks 2014). According to our textbook, traditionally the view of an individual’s  responsibility for corporate acts have claimed that when an organized group of members (i.e. corporation) act together, then their act should be attributed to the corporate group and not the individuals of whom the group is made; and they must be held responsible for the act. Meaning that each and every person who knowingly and freely cooperates to produce a corporate act is morally responsible for that act. The law, however, attributes the acts of a corporation’s managers to the corporation as a whole and not to the managers as individuals. (Text pg. 62) While a majority of companies choose to make law-abiding decisions, there are still some companies that will try to â€Å"beat the system.† This is where the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 comes in. This Act discourages the â€Å"crooks† of the corporate world from being noncompliant with security violations due to the Act’s criminal and civil penalty provisions; and it encourages independent auditing by certified external auditors. This Act requires elevated levels of corporate disclosure in the areas of executive salaries, financial reports, and insider trading. Although the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is considered a burden by some companies, it gives the investing world a greater level of confidence in their investment activities by complying with its provisions. In conclusion, ethics is the branch of philosophy that theoretically, rationally, and logically determines right from wrong, moral from immoral, and good from bad conducts and behaviors. Simply put by some as â€Å"walking the talk.† With regard to basic values, morals guide people toward permissible behavior; they are judgments, standards and rules of good conduct in society. Hopefully, one day all executives and managers will come to realize the old saying that â€Å"honesty is the best policy.† References 12 Ethical Principles for Business Executives by Michael Josephson. (2010, December 17). Retrieved January 6, 2015, from http://josephsoninstitute.org/business/blog/2010/12/12-ethical-principles-for-business-executives/ Ethic. (n.d.). Retrieved January 6, 2015, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ethic Franks, C. (2014, July 14). Former Housing Head Arrested. Chronicle-Tribune. Retrieved January 8, 2015. Morality. (n.d.). Retrieved January 6, 2015, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/morality Understanding ethics and morality in business – Smart Business Magazine. (n.d.). Retrieved January 6, 2015, from http://www.sbnonline.com/article/understanding-ethics-and-morality-in-business-there-are-distinct-differences-between-ethics-and-morality/ Velasquez, M. (2012). Business ethics Concepts and cases (7th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Yang, S. (2014, July 1). 5 Years Ago Bernie Madoff Was Sentenced to 150 Years In Prison – Here’s How His Scheme Worked. Retrieved January 6, 2015, from http://www.businessinsider.com/how-bernie-madoffs-ponzi-scheme-worked-2014-7 BA 3200 ESSAYexist.

Consumer Trust

Project report on: Consumer Trust – Flipkart Subject: Consumer Behaviour Submitted to: Prof. Neha Gupta Submitted by: Ami Vora Roll No: 58 Class: PGDM – Communications FLIPKART  is an Indian  e-commerce  company founded by Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal in 2007, both alumni of the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi. Initially funded by the Bansals themselves with  Rs. 400,000, Flipkart has since then raised funding from venture capital funds  Accel India  in 2009  and Tiger Global (US$10 million in 2010 and  US$20 million in June 2011).Today, as per Alexa traffic rankings, Flipkart is among the top 20 Indian Web sites and has been credited with being India's largest online bookseller  with over 11 million titles on offer. The cash-on-delivery model adopted by Flipkart has proven to be of great significance since the credit card and net banking penetration is very low in India. Even its 30 days replacement offer is something which acts as its USP. FAC TORS THAT LEAD TO THE SUCCESS OF FLIPKART * Customer Service: Provide good customer support with quick turn around time for client queries.Provide replacement of product in case a customer receives a defective product. * User Interface: Easy to use, easy to browse through the products, add products to wishlist or to a cart, get product reviews and opinions, pre-order products, make payments using different methods. * Cash/Card On Delivery: Demonstrated more confidence in buying products. Flipkart sells 20 products/min and have with more than 60% of the Flipkart's customers use Cash on Delivery and card on delivery methods. This is because of two reasons, one is many people do not know how to make payments online.And secondly people do not have immense trust in e-commerce in India. * Customer Retention: Has around 15 lakh individual customers and more than 70% customers are repeat customers i. e. they shop various times each year. The company targets to have a customer base of 1 cror e by 2015. * Local Presence: Tie ups with local vendors and courier firms (thereby reducing transportation and storage costs. Owns warehouse in major cities. CONSUMER TRUST For ensuring success, securing trust in your company is essential. Trust is as important to a potential customer’s purchasing decision as the products you offer him.And an essential element of building that trust, with both customers and partners, is the assurance that your e-commerce operation meets the demanding security standards required of organizations handling sensitive financial information. Building a consumer Trust for Flipkart can take place in the following facets: * Setting up a Storefront which generates a sense of dependency among the consumer * Build a commerce friendly Web Host * Securing Information Using SSL * Processing Transactions * On time Delivery * Quality of the products * Efficient staff * Return PolicyFollowing are the various measures taken my Flipkart to build and ensure consu mer trust. 1. Merchandise site safety and security A safe and secure Web site is the most crucial element to building online trust. Flipkart convey that customers can trust them with their personal information and their purchases. Promote the basic security of your site and reinforce that message with a buying process that emphasizes safety and ease. Flipkart has a â€Å"Worry Free Shopping† environment. It clearly states shipping, return and privacy policies as well as security and product guarantees.Customers are most sensitive to trust and security issues as they move down the path to purchase. 2. A professional site speaks volumes’ Flipkart has invested wisely in professionalism of their site. This includes : user-friendly design and content updates that are accurate and regular, paying attention to load time, avoiding site down time at all costs, updating content often, avoiding typos and broken links. 3. Showcase the Trustworthiness of Your Brand The trustworthin ess is also defined by highlighting its distinctive qualities and physical presence.They do this by expliciting brand-value statement, reinforce that brand-value statement by creating a tag line that customers, over time, will easily associate, and provide easily accessible customer service phone numbers. 4. Outside Voices Boost Credibility There is often no better way to build trust in your brand than to allow others to endorse it. Flipkart has a section for reviews for the product and services from trusted sources which act invaluable. 5. Comprehensive Product Content Enhances Trust You will find comprehensive product content and details of a particular product once u chose any item.This gives an insight of the minute, technical, and other details of the product before purchase. 6. What You See Is What You Get Flipkart provides image zoom functionality; provide thumbnail images to the shopping cart, etc. to ensure that What You See Is What You Get. 7. Building Quality Service One of the most important aspect is also to create trust among the consumers about the quality of the product. Flipkart provides information such as sizes, product availability (in stock), e-mail confirmation, post purchase services, customer service, etc. . Secure Payment options Flipkart promptly provides various options for the payment of the desired products. This is done by Cash on delivery, Credit card and debit card purchase, Net banking, etc. One striking features is also their EMI option with a very minimal amount of overhead. This attracts the consumers and develops a string sense of trust among the consumers as payment is the most sensitive part of the entire consumer buying process. 9. Returns and Guarantee Flipkart’s USP is the 30 day returns guarantee process.Though conditions apply to these, but to almost all the products they refund the entire amount of the money paid if the consumer returns the purchased product due to any reason. Below is a graph denoting monthl y traffic to Flipkart and it shows an increasing trend for most of the years. Customer trust in a company can play a significant role in determining the customer’s actions regarding that company. Customer trust (a belief) influences customer intentions. Empirical Research has shown that trust increases customer intention to purchase a product from a company as well as customer intention to return to a company.The following image shows the flow on process for Flipkart online shopping. RESULTS OF BUILDING CONSUMER TRUST The most important parameter for measuring the results of the efforts for creating consumer trust is the revenue generated. In about 7 years, Flipkart generated 12  billion (US$220  million) (FY  2011–12). Flipkart even has a market share of 20-25% in the Indian online market. Last year, it even acquired Let’s Buy and thus increased their market share. The graph shown above also speaks for itself that the number of visitors have been increasi ng day by day thus ensuring better sales and profitability.ROLE OF ADVERTISING IN BUILDING CONSUMER TRUST Flipkart. com  is one such online portal that is synonymous with trust worthy online shopping. Flipkart used various innovative ads where they show kids playing the roles of an adult (with real adult dubbed voices) in a day to day situation to reach their audiences. This creates a sense of trust among the consumers as kids convey truthfulness. This particular advertisement where three generations are portrayed to present the customers’ skepticism in online shopping hits just the right chords to market  Flipkart. com  and assure customers of its excellent services.This advertisement focuses on the major concern of the customers i. e. guarantee and how can one make an assessment from an online image. With the witty use of our old custom of arranged marriages where brides got betrothed by simply looking at the photographs of their husbands, this advertisement mixes a p erfect marketing solution, wrapped up in good humour. By presenting three generations together in an ad,  Flipkart. com  once again makes it clear that online shopping is devoid of age barriers and  Flipkart. com  is targeted to everyone irrespective of age or gender. CONCLUSIONFlipkart is one of the leading players in the online shopping sector in India. It targets all the older generation’s trust towards  Flipkart. com  by making the high-tech younger generation doubtful, and boosting the older generation’s ego by making them make an online purchase in the tech-savvy world. The tag line â€Å"shopping ka naya address†, â€Å"the new address for shopping†, does open doors or rather browsers to online shopping. By various and continuous efforts Flipkart has, no doubt, succeeded at a great level to create consumer trust and its impact is visible and measurable through the results. THANK YOU !!

Written analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Written analysis - Assignment Example For example, Bob Marley’s expected sales are: CU400 is the bonus he earned, according to Exhibit 1. Similar is the case with other workers who got a bonus. Jimi Hendrix, on the other hand, earned no bonus as he failed to meet his target of 41250 units, let alone an excess. Figure 1 exhibits a mighty 9% increase in sales in month 25 (rollout). Till month 47, sales have mainly seen increases, including crossing the peak of 10%. Cost of goods sold as a percentage of sales have seen more declines after month 25. However, they have remained around 63% and have not shown drastic reductions. Wages as a percentage of sales, though, went up by 2% immediately and have not reduced much since. It is evident that Ladbrecks has not seen a considerable deduction in costs. However, it is an incentive plan. By definition, it adds to wages rather than deduct. Cost of goods sold does not cover wages of sales-force (Moore, 2014). Here, they would increase expenses by 2%. However, initial costs must be borne when implementing a change. In the long-run, changes get subtle and rise in sales should be considered. Employees will be satisfied, will provide better customer services and will be motivated to increase sales. The plan should be kept, but changes should be made to effect the motivation of employees who are not meeting their targeted sales. If pay does not motivate them, some other initiative should be adopted targeted to them to ensure further rise in sales. This would decrease the difference in wages/sales percentage and would not impact expenses

Radiobiology of proton therapy, heavy ion therapy and neutron therapy Essay

Radiobiology of proton therapy, heavy ion therapy and neutron therapy - Essay Example For example, tumor cells often lack the necessary mechanisms required to effectively repair radiation damages. Despite the relative efficacy, safety and reliability of most conventional radiation modalities one of the key problems associated with many photon beams therapies is how to deliver an ideal dose that will kill all the tumor cells without affecting the surrounding normal tissues. However, this is often difficult to achieve due to the unavoidable deposition of radiation dose at the point of radiation entrance (Durante and Loeffler, 2010, p.42). The therapeutic application of charged particle energy beams began in 1946 after the discovery of the radiobiological properties of proton beams. Since then, the use of particle beam radio therapy procedures such as proton therapy, heavy ion therapy and neutron therapy is increasingly gaining importance in therapeutic radiobiology particularly in the treatment of diseases such as cancer (Cunha, 2010, p.1505). The delivery of the radiat ion in sessions (fractionation) in particle beam therapy also ensures that the target cells are destroyed while the surrounding normal tissues are able to repair themselves. This is particularly attributed to their characteristic physical depth-dose distribution ability that ensures maximum high precision impact on the target tumor cells. Compared to the conventional photon radiotherapy, the use of high energy beams of charged protons, neutrons and heavy ions provides significant advantages particularly in the treatment of deep localized tumors. For example, treating cancerous or tumor cells using beams of charged particles allow a more precise approach than most of the conventional radiotherapy modalities. This consequently shortens the treatment time while at the same time minimizing the irradiation of the surrounding disease free tissues. This paper critically analyzes the radiobiology of proton therapy, heavy ion therapy and neutron therapy as well as their potential benefits an d limitations. Figure 1: Comparative lateral penumbra for photons, protons and heavy ions (carbon ions) Proton Therapy Proton beam radiotherapy is increasingly being used due to its numerous potential physical and radiobiological advantages over the conventional radiotherapy techniques. According to Schulz-Ertner and Tsujii (2007, p.954), protons are particularly preferred as a radio therapy option due to their distinct depth –dose profile which makes them particularly suitable for therapeutic use in deep seated, localized and radioresistant tumors. Although the use of proton therapy for tumor treatment is currently a well established therapeutic modality in many parts of the world, the application of other heavy ions and neutrons is still restricted to a few medical facilities due to the potential dangers associated with such high energy beams. Proton particle therapy works by directing energetic ionizing particles such as protons, neutrons or heavy ions towards the target t umor cells. The particles then damage the DNA of the target cells thereby causing their ultimate death. The radiation induced cell death is primarily caused by the damage to the nuclear materials due to secondary electron production. For example, particle beams such as protons often deposit their energy at higher linear energy transfer (LET) compared to electromagnetic radiation (Fokas et al., 2009, pp.224). The dose deposited in the surrounding tissues is one of the most important aspects of particle beam

THE LECTORAL SYSTEM OF GERMANY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

THE LECTORAL SYSTEM OF GERMANY - Essay Example The parliament is usually given fourteen days to elect its chancellor officially after the final election results. Normally, elections happen after every four years and the same process begins all over again. There are no by-elections in Germany - if members of the Bundestag die or resign in office, those next on the list of the party in the appropriate State/Land automatically succeed them (Welle, 2009, para13). 30 Like all countries in Western Europe that have adopted the proportional system, Germany has more than twenty percent female parliamentarians, which clearly indicates a strong correlation between the type of electoral system and the level of female representation. As expounded earlier on, Germany uses a mixed or double electoral system with both a proportional representation system and single member constituencies and each of them selects half of the Bundestag members. However, the election of the majority of German female politicians is through the proportional representation list. Unlike in other countries such as the United Kingdom where voters and local parties object to having imposition of all-women shortlists on them, the list system in Germany has enabled parties to increase the proportion of female members of parliament in the Bundestag quickly.   38 The system of proportional representation also includes a quota that requires from each province, a minimum of two female delegates. This means that the parliament body will be at least twenty-five percent women. In full representation, there is an increase in the access of greater number of candidates. Sun argues that holding all other factors constant, under proportional representation system, the likelihood of electing women is almost twice as compared to majoritarian systems. Furthermore, under full representation system, measures such as quotas for minimum number of candidates aimed at increasing the representation of women are much easier to implement since the

The Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) Essay

The Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) - Essay Example During the last few years, United Kingdom has witnessed four important appeals from British citizens regarding an attack on their individual Christian Faiths. The UK Courts of Law have integrated the four incidents into two cases. They have gained prominence by the name of Eweida and Chaplin Vs the UK and Ladele and McFarlene Vs the UK.Initially, the applicants had approached the UK Courts of Law, who had rejected their appeal due to the non-fulfillment of certain conditions. However, the cases are still in its proceedings in the European Court of Human Rights. However, this time, the EHRC has decided to intervene to ensure a fair trial to the applicants. The Main Issues The Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) is a non-departmental public organization which was established according to UK’s Equality Act of 2006. It started functioning from October 2007 and was Britain’s only organization which supervised issues relating to equality and human rights in the countr y. The Commission works towards reducing inequality, eliminating discrimination and encouraging good relations among the citizens. It also ensures the protection of their rights in a variety of circumstances. On September 15, 2011 the EHRC notified the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) of its plan of intervening in four cases regarding the practice of religious discrimination in the workplace. These were four separate cases involved four British Government employees who were subject to unlawful discrimination regarding their Christian beliefs. The individuals involved were Nadia Eweida, a British Airways employee, Shirley Chaplin, a government hospital nurse, Lillian Ladelle, a marriage registrar in London and Gary McFarlane, a counselor. The European Court combined the cases of these four persons into two cases: Eweida and Chaplin Vs the UK and Ladele and McFarlene Vs the UK. In the first case, both the women were asked to conceal or remove the Christian cross worn on their ne cklaces, by their respective workplace authorities. Eweida worked as a check-in staff in the British Airways counter at London’s Heathrow Airport, while Chaplin was employed as a nurse in a government hospital. Being Christians by faith, both Eweida and Chaplin were used to wearing a cross tied to their necklaces. However, their respective management authorities did not approve of this and asked the women to either hide the cross beneath their clothes or stop wearing it altogether. This was definitely an attack on their religious sentiments. While the authorities accommodated the customs of employees belonging to other religions, they discriminated against these Christian women. In the second case, the two Christians Ladele and McFarlene were dismissed from their jobs as they refused to be involved in actions contradicting their religion. Ladelle was employed as a marriage registrar in London’s Islington Council. When she asked the authorities to exclude her from legal izing homosexual relationships, the management decided to discontinue her services. On the other hand, McFarlene served as a counselor in a government counseling service who used to provide advice to heterosexual as well as homosexual couples. However, in some cases he had declined to offer psycho-sexual therapy to homosexual couples and as a result was terminated from

Haitian Culture Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Haitian Culture - Assignment Example Additionally, another small portion include the Hindus as well as Muslims who commonly presently inhabit Port-au-Prince (Largey, 2012, p.14-15). Generally, most Haitians exhibit a significant link to the event of the 1804 expulsion of the French, an occurrence that led to Haiti being the first sovereign Black state as well as being second in the Western Hemisphere to attain self-rule from imperial Europe. Haitian’s culture depicts the meaning of touch in various forms. This is quite evident among the male gender whereby they exhibit a tendency of holding hands in public. For outsiders, this action may be a depiction of homosexuality. For Haitians, however, holding hands in pubic portrays friendship but it is extremely rare for them to show affection publicly towards their females for this to them ought to be in privacy. Affection towards, family members may be shown overtly and holding hands of family members may not be regarded inappropriate (Migraine-George, & Jackson, 2014, p.7-8). Further, in the case of professionals, for instance, health-care providers, physical contact only comes as a result of shaking hands whereby actions like kissing regard them as inappropriate. However, touch by health-care providers during service provision normally receives appreciation. With regards to personal spatial and distancing strategies, most Haitians do not mind so much about personal space. Therefore, in most instances, interaction tends to be close, be it with a friend or a family member. Generally, compared to Americans require less personal spatial thus in most cases they position themselves closer to one another when communicating. Further, during a conversation, for most Haitians, direct eye contact is considered appropriate especially when used with friends or persons of same age group as well as family members.

Research Report - Esprit Holdings (Management Accounting) Essay

Research Report - Esprit Holdings (Management Accounting) - Essay Example We consider the lifestyle and home division to analyze the costing method that is used in this division. This division produces such products as jewels, eye wear, umbrellas, baby carriage, toys and stationery. The most appropriate costing method used in this division is the job costing method, this is due to the fact that each of the above named products produced undergo different activities to achieve the quality and product desired. For example the activities involved in making of jewels are different from the activities involved in the making of toys, for this reason therefore the most appropriate method is the job order costing method that allocates appropriate overheads to the products produced. In the production of lifestyle and home products a number of department are involved, these include the production departments and the support departments. Production departments include the manufacturing department and the quality control department. Support departments include the human resource department, the administration department and the marketing and sales department. These entire departments are important in the smooth running of the company. All companies have costs that are incurred in the production of products, the lifestyle and home division has these costs which include the variable and overhead costs. Some of the major costs include electricity and power costs which are incurred through lighting and the running of machinery in the manufacturing department. The other cost is labor cost which includes direct and indirect labor costs; the production process requires labor while indirect labor costs are evident from the administration and human resource department. Material cost is also a cost incurred by the division and the material costs depend on the product being produced, example material used to make jewels are more expensive than he

Bronchial Asthma in the Age Group 6 to 11 years Essay

Bronchial Asthma in the Age Group 6 to 11 years - Essay Example In this age, children begin to learn to read and define objects in terms of use. Their time sense is as much in past as present. They are interested in relationship between home and neighborhood; knows some streets. That which is relevant to his condition was, they use sentences well; uses language to share others' experiences; may swear or use slang (Barnes, P., 1995). Psychosocially, these children still requires parental support, but pulls away from overt signs of affection. Play teaches the child new ideas and independence. The child progressively uses tools of competition, compromise, cooperation, and beginning collaboration. Body image and self-concept are fluid because of rapid physical, emotional, and social changes. The play pattern has significance to his illness. In this age, the child acts out ideas of family and occupational groups with which he has contact. When I started a conversation with him once he was stabilized, he said painting, reading, simple games, watching television, digging, running games, skating, riding bicycle, and swimming were all his enjoyed activities (Behrman, R.E., et al. Eds., 2003). In this age group, family atmosphere continues to have an impact on the child's emotional development, and he would need ongoing guidance in an open, inviting atmosphere. Limits should be set with conviction. It was important to deal with only one incident at a time. It was important to take care of the fact that the child should not feel humiliated. The parents must be aware of the environmental causes of bronchial asthma, and I made a mental note as to advise the parents that he needs assistance in adjusting to new experiences and demands of school and should be able to share experiences with family. While communicating with him, it was important to convey love and caring in communication. The child understands language directed at feelings better than at intellect. While communicating, it was better to get down to eye level with the child. In conformity to the psychological stage of this child's age group and due to the fact that he was in considerable anxiety, the child would nee d order and consistency to help in coping with doubts, fears, unacceptable impulses, and unfamiliar experiences (Davies, D., 2004). Pathophysiology of Bronchial Asthma: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells play a role, including mast cells, eosinophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and epithelial cells. In susceptible children, this type of inflammation causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and cough, particularly at night and early morning. These episodes are associated with variable airflow obstruction that is commonly reversible spontaneously or with treatment. The inflammation also causes an associated increase in the existing bronchial hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli. Airway inflammation is found in all children with mild,

Presidential candidates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Presidential candidates - Essay Example As a way of reversing this trend, each of the two presidential candidates have come up with different policies of propelling the country forward through the restoration of the economy and subsequent creation of jobs. President Barrack Obama and his Republican adversary Mitt Romney hold different positions on the economy of the United States. Obama looks forward to rescind the Bush cut tax for households that receive more than $250,000 and lowering the manufacturing industry taxes. His short-term economic goal includes initiating stimulus expenditure and cutting taxes for economic growth. In the long term, he hopes to cut expenditure and consequently increase taxes on the wealthy. This will help to trim down the deficits (AARP Bulletin, 2012). On his part, Mitt Romney looks forward to retaining the tax cuts associated with former president George W. Bush. He also intends to lower by 25 per cent the rate of taxes in all sectors. Additionally, Romney will also reduce expenditure on discretion that are not related to security by 5 per cent in a bid to trim down deficits. The Republican candidate hopes to cut and initiating regulations that will encourage business growth ( AARP Bulletin, 2012). President Obama supports the 2010 health care bill that he signed into law. He consequently advocates for the safeguard of patients from rascal insurance companies. He will allow the coverage for the currently prevailing conditions and ensure that insurers do not falter or dope patients whenever they fall sick. Individuals are required to purchase health care insurance or accrue a fine. However, employers on behalf of employees should do the purchase of the health care insurance. On his part, Romney holds a different view. According to him, citizens should buy their own health care insurance instead of doing it using their employers. Besides, the health care insurance policy should not be uniform across the states. Individual states should

One girl one dream Essay Example for Free

One girl one dream Essay This knew that this wasnt the end of the man, he would be back, but next time I will hopefully be a bit more prepared. Eleza is that you? Cried a soft voice Mum? Mum is that you? I didnt think it was possible Eleza I knew you would come back she replied I have to go mum sorry, I cant get close to you because it will rip you apart when I leave again, sorry I shouted while running away down the street No Eleza no! I cant cope without you screeched mum That was the last time I ever saw my mum. Gun shots were fired shortly after I had left, and I just assumed that the police heard her and found out where she was hiding. I knew that the police would be after me soon so I searched refuge on the out skirts of the village, fortunately a couple were also on the run from the police so I went into a home with them, it wasnt an amazing home but at least it provided a roof over my head and food for my empty stomach. Why are you running from the police? I questioned the couple, because of our religion, people here do not support our beliefs and say that we dont belong in this community they stopped, they were going to say more but they could see that I was too tired to listen and so they rested my head in the cloth and rug bed they had made up for me, I thanked them. I started to shiver as it got later into the night so I moved my bed closer to the raging fire to keep warm. I woke up the next morning still feeling incredibly tired because I didnt sleep very well. The couple were very kind to me, for breakfast they gave me a cup of milk and also a piece of bread. Once I had finished eating my food I told the couple what my situation was and what my plans are, they took it as quite a surprise but understood completely and even offered to help out. Knowing that they were old enough to earn a living I stayed along side them for many days. Later on that evening we gathered around the beaming fire and chatted for hours and hours, that was until there was a knock at the door, shh, Eleza hide quickly said the couple silently. I tip toed towards the wooden toy chest and climbed in. open up! demanded a strong deep voice, The woman opened the door to the strange dark clothed man. on the floor, now! he shouted again The did as he said, I couldnt see everything but I could see through a little hole in the side of the chest. Even before the couple could have a chance to speak, the man shot them both in the head. As that bullet pierced into their skull I cringed and couldnt bare the sight, I wanted to cry but any noise could give me the same shot to the head. The strange dark man left, dragging the 2 bodies behind him. I broke out of the toy chest and went to the bathroom; I splashed water onto my face to revive my self, I knew it wasnt worth getting worked up about as I already had a mission to complete. But this incident just made me more determined to get back at the mayor. Whats next? Chapter 11 Screaming with silent rage I crept through the village of murderers. My mind was spinning and I had headaches slicing in and out my skull. I noticed the mayor walking down the street, I followed not too far behind, by the looks of it he was walking towards the forest, I wanted to go see if Oscar was ok but didnt want to chance getting caught. I gave up on following the mayor because he walked into a building and then just disappeared out of sight. I then focused on getting into the forest to see the construction so far. It had been raining the night before so the way up the hill was wet and slippery, I fell many times, but easily managed to get back up again. When I finally reached the top of the hill I saw that the construction hadnt progressed much at all. I went around back to see more, Eleza.. PST.. Eleza over here came a whisper from behind. hey, how are you here, I saw you had a arrow in your back, you cant be alive! I stepped back in shock, that was a tranquiliser, the guard saw me and assumed I was trying to steal the blueprint, so shot me simple mistake, Im sorry I scared you like that. are you still willing to help me then? I wanted to get this over with so I wasnt going to laze about. dont worry about the building Eleza, since youve been gone I have spoken to the mayor and many arguments were fought, but I have managed to convince them to make the building eco friendly. It will cost a lot more money to make but you are the reason why many animals in this forest will be preserved and protected well done! thank-you for doing this for me, how can I repay you for this? I felt incredibly happy that someone was inspired by me. come down to the mayors office with me tonight, I think he wants to talk to you replied the boy. are you mad! I will be killed! I shouted no seriously I can honestly say that you are safe with me, please trust me as I trusted you before pleaded the boy I felt that if I didnt go then it would be mean because he had helped me out a great deal and I should help him in return. ok then, but if anything should go wrong then may your thoughts be guilty for ever I accepted to see what the mayor wanted. I went off into the forest to get ready for tonight, I found Oscar beneath a big branch where we once stayed. He followed me down to the lake, I took a swim to clean off so not to get bad impressions with the mayor. The time passed and by the time I had dried off and got back to the construction site it was already time to go. come on then we best get a move on I said while already walking. We reached the mayors present house on time, we knocked on the door and waited for a response. Helping out- chapter 12 Enter please spoke a well mannered butler Just stay calm and when the mayor wants to talk then let him demanded the boy Hello Eleza, I have heard many stories of you, I understand that you like to stand up for what you believe in, am I right? said the mayor in a strong voice Yes, you are correct I answer in the simplest way possible I want you to do a favour for me, I will pay for your food and sleeping place, you wonder why, but I really do think that you have the courage we need, do you think you can manage to stand up for what you believe in even if the opposition is bigger?. I thought for a while before proclaiming my reply, I would love to take hold of the responsibility of helping out, but do not understand why you would choose me to do this, I was being chased by your men the other day, how can I know that I can trust you? I still wasnt convinced but if what he was saying was true then I would be overwhelmed and hopefully do a good job. Ok, I guess I should tell you now, I havent been completely straight with you, I will look after the forest here for you, but you must leave to southern Africa to do a job for me, flight is paid for, and you will be helping the green team to help decrease the amount of de forestation, and also in your free time you will be helping the smaller children in the schools but if you do not accept this then your precious forest will be burned to the ground for my house to be bigger! So the choice is yours. It wasnt much of a choice so I just did what I had to and agreed to go. I will go but Oscar must be able to fly over with me! Im sorry but it is illegal for wild animals like Oscar to fly over on the plane with you I knew he was right so I just gave in, but made sure that he is promised to be looked after by the mayor. I looked back and went to talk to my friend, Ive never been to Africa, is this a nice place to be? I havent ever been either, but I do know that it is a third world country, with children that need your help replied my friend. The mayor went out the room and talked to another man about the trip, I was shacking but not because I was scared, just because I was filled with many emotions, I was actually quite excited. Journey and arrival chapter 13 I set off early the following morning and endured 12 long tiring hours on the flight to northern Africa, then another 9 hours on a train to my destination. When I got off the train my legs were numb and floppy. When I arrived I was directed into a small long building and was told what I should do. The mayor explained that he is only here today then will be flying home tomorrow, and then he introduced me to my mentor. Eleza, I hope that your stay here will be pleasurable, my name is Mandisa please come meet our youngest residents in our village. I was taken into a classroom where little children stared at the teacher, they gave her all their attention, there was no shouting, it was just calm nice place to learn. I didnt want to disturb them so instead I went into the village centre and saw just how hard it was for them to survive. Could I have a cup of water please? I asked a local The man said nothing, he walked over to a well and scooped out a bucket of water, I went over to him, he handed me the bucket. Is this what you drink everyday? I wondered I looked into the bucket; the water was cloudy with dirt floating on the surface. This wasnt what I was expecting, I was hoping that the people hadnt been drinking this for too long, this water isnt drinkable and could kill if the wrong bits are drank. It is the end of the school day now, come with me to see the children said Mandisa I followed her to the classroom again and met up with the kids, meeting them made me feel important, I felt like I was a vital part of their lives, and that I could make a difference to their lives. Hello, my name is Keon, whats your name? questioned a young boy Eleza, I am here to help you and your class friends out. Yay, no-ones ever come to our village before, other than Aitan, your mayor Is your mum going to pick you up from school? I just wanted to talk to him, I wanted to make friends. My mum is gone Keon fell silent and faced the ground she is gone, but my dad is in the fields. I have to go; my older sister has a disease and needs all the support she can get. Before I could get a chance to comfort him he was gone. I walked down the road and met up with Mandisa. Come; come quick, its Keons sister! She is in desperate need of help. I didnt rely, I just ran with her to his home. There was a huge gathering of people out side of the house; me and Mandisa stepped into the sweltering house mounted of sad people, the mood was unbearable and cries came from the room that Keons sister lay. I ran into the room and looked into the eyes of the girl, I could see that she was in a cycle of eternal pain; I knew this was an incurable disease and couldnt help but feel sorry for the girl, at such a young age, (2 years younger than me and 3 years older than Keon.) I left the house and went to the little mud cottage where I was staying, I sat on the bed and relaxed, I cant stand emotional moments, it just brings back bad memories that Id rather not think about. There was a knock at the door, Hello, Eleza are you in there? sobbed a voice from behind the door, I went over to the door to find Keon looking at me then grasped my waist and burst into tears I hugged him for over 10 minutes before he let go and sat next to me on the bed and told me the tragic news about his sister. His father kindly invited me to the funeral then took Keon back home to get some sleep. I was shattered and was shocked by how much happened to me in one day, and was glad when the day came to a close. But I was eager to see what tomorrow had in store for me. African life chapter 14 Eleza, Eleza time to get up whispered a soft voice in my ear I couldnt talk because my lips were so dry and crisp they remained sealed, I leapt out of bed. They gave me a towel and a bucket of water to wash my face with. The first job of the day was to cover a simple lesson of spelling; I walked to the classroom with the children and was introduced to them all. I then started off the lesson by asking each individual child what they think their abilities are, this helped me to know what their level of learning is currently. The teachers didnt have books to teach from, just a teacher that goes by memory. I didnt get an education so I wasnt doing anything too complicated; I just went over what I already knew. The school day wasnt very long because the children got too hot in the classroom, after the class Mandisa met me outside. She told me that I was here to make a difference to the peoples lives and that I should try to make some tasks up for myself to complete. I thought for just a few moments then decided what I was going to do next. Keon showed me around the village and pointed over to the forest, or what remained of it anyway. I told him that I will protest against the men but I couldnt use force. I think I have a plan, what is the cutest creature in your forest? I questioned The baby monkeys are cute, they live high in the trees Keon replied Lets go then I shouted to him while running through the forest. Keon knew that there was only a slim chance that my plan would work and so he didnt get his hopes up. It took a while to spot any wildlife in the forest because the noise of the chainsaws had frightened them half to death, I crept up quietly to one of the babies, the mother was higher in the trees so she didnt see me coming, Keon gently lifted down the monkey and handed it to me, then we walked for miles and miles to find the campsite of the tree murderers and once there Keon gave a good firm knock on the door and waited for a response. Whos there came a voice behind them I turned around quickly and addressed them, We are begging you please stop cutting down the trees, so many animals die because you have taken away their home and family, here is a monkey that is calling out for your help I had to make up a sad story about the monkey or it wouldnt take effect. I am just against it as you but we must do this otherwise we are out of jobs and wont be able to afford to survive. I could see that the man wasnt the kind to give up easily and so I diverted to the second plan,you know, we will always have a place for you in the village and even though you have had you arguments with them, Im sure if you stop cutting the trees down they will be happy to take you in. if this didnt work then we were screwed. This is something I will consider, it wont be immediate but you idea will not be discarded, dont come back, we will move Im due course. The turned and walked away into their house, we went back to the village and carefully put the baby monkey back exactly where we found it. I went back to my where I slept the night before and rested there. As I lay I thought about all the changes I could make to this village if I put my mind to it, I wasnt an adult, but the village treated me as one and made me feel wanted. This was when I knew, my dream has become a reality, I wanted to make a difference to the world and help those in more need than me. For once in my life I feel that I have done my parents proud and just wish that they could be here beside me. Everyday for over a month I got up and helped around the village, and every evening I would visit Keons mother and comfort her because the loss of her daughter was still on her mind. I had gone through so many adventures in my life and only in 1 year I had gone half way across the world and have witnessed life and death pass me by, and yet am still at a young age of 14, but my birthday is next week and the village kindly offered to have a little bonfire to celebrate, Keon even offered to sing a traditional African song called Kpanlogo this song had a strong meaning behind it but he wanted to sing it because it had a great tune to it. Free life takes a change chapter 15 Keon was now a big part of my life and was like a brother to me, his mum was a thoughtful woman and she welcomed me into her family. I took the job of permanently teaching his class and in the process I even taught myself new things and the children told me about the animals and wildlife that surrounds them. That night Mandisa walked up to me with tears building up in her eyes, she told me that the mayor said that I couldnt stay any longer, he needed help back home. So unfortunately my time in Africa came to an end. I was heartbroken to leave my new family, I felt like someone when I was there and didnt want to go.

Understand the communication process Essay Example for Free

Understand the communication process Essay 1.Identify two key stages in the communication process. (2 marks) The two key stages in the communication process are the sender who sends the message and the recipient who receives the message. Eg: when I send message to my friend I become the sender and when she receives the message she becomes the receiver. 2.Identify two barriers to communication and briefly explain how these two barriers can be overcome.(4 marks) The two barriers to communication are insufficient preparation and noisy environment. To overcome preparation barriers we need to plan ahead and prepare before communicating. We need to figure out what we are planning to deliver and whether we need feedback or not .And also thinking about the recipient reaction and the communication media they might have so that you can choose the best media to communicate. And to overcome noisy environment barrier we need to hold the meeting in the meeting room if it is face-to-face communication, while talking on the phone we can go to a less noisy place and communicate. Understanding methods of communication 3.List two methods of communication that you could use with your team and state when it would be appropriate to use each of the methods you have listed (4 marks) The two methods of communication that I can use in our team are face-to-face communication and leaving messages on the notice board. We can use face-to-face communication on giving briefing about what we are planning to do today which we do every morning before opening the Nursery. This way we can communicate well with each other and can receive feedbacks so that everyone knows their role for the day .And we can use notice board to leave messages to the parents and staffs as well .We can give them notice on what days the children are having extra activities, about parent and staff meeting and so on. 4.Identify one written method of communicating with someone outside your team and identify one advantage and one disadvantage of using the method you have identified. (3 marks) The written method of communication that we can use with someone outside our team is through formal letter. The advantage of sending formal letter is we can have it as a proof later and we get time to think and plan what should be written in the letter. The disadvantage would be there would be chances it might get lost on the way so the recipient might not receive it and through this method we wont be able to receive feedback soon. Understanding the importance of maintaining accurate records of one-to-one communication 5.Briefly describe two methods of maintaining accurate records of one-to-one oral communication(2 marks) The two methods of maintaining accurate records of one-to-one oral communication are making notes in the diary while having the conversation so that in future we know what actually we discussed and the other one is conforming by email. By doing this we have a proof that we agreed on something through communication and it conforms the things we talked and agreed on our oral communication. The other method is e-mail, which conforms what has been said to someone to prevent any misunderstanding or forgetfulness or to let someone else know what has been said or agreed.

Effect Of Caffeine On Breathing And Pulse Rate Biology Essay

Effect Of Caffeine On Breathing And Pulse Rate Biology Essay Caffeine is a natural chemical substance known to have stimulant properties within the body (Addicott MA Laurienti PJ, 2009). Prior research focused on caffeines ability to affect ventilation, blood pressure, mood, and mental stress (Kennedy MD et al. 2008; Addicott MA Laurienti PJ, 2009). Their findings concluded that caffeine actually spiked blood pressure, ventilation and heart rate (Kennedy MD et al., 2008); while others claimed that it had no effect on heart rate or breathing (Ratliff-Crain J et al., 1989). Some gaps in these studies were that very few actually measured the rate of breathing, but rather focused on the volume of breathing and the percent oxygen saturation/diffusion (Chapman R Stager JM, 2008), as well as blood pressure, rather than heart rate (Ratliff-Crain J et al., 1989). This experiment aimed at finding a clear relationship between ingesting caffeine, and its effect, if any, on breathing and heart rate, after the subjects performed incremental stepping exercises. The significance of this study is vital in sport, particularly caffeines role in the Olympics (Spriet LL, 1995), and its potential as a prophylactic in treating asthma (Welsh EJ et al., 2010). Methods: See School of Biological Sciences (2010). Refer to Appendix (1) for the hypotheses. Results: Using the t-test it was found that the mean (+/- range) change in pulse rate was not significantly different between non-caffeine (Group A) and caffeine (Group B) treated subjects (t=0.4, df=161, P=0.7 ie P>0.05). (Refer to Appendices 2a, 2b,3a, and 3b for the data and t-test) Figure 1: The mean of changes in the pulse rate of non-caffeinated (control) and caffeinated (treatment) participants after performing a stepping exercise. Error bars are the range. N=140 and n= 75 for the non-caffeinated and caffeinated groups respectively. Using a paired two sample for mean t-test it was found that the mean (+/- range) change in respiration rate was not significantly different between non-caffeine (Group A) and caffeine (Group B) treated subjects (t=-0.7, df=132, P=0.5 ie P>0.05). (Refer to Appendices 2a, 2b,3a, and 3b for the data and t-test) Figure 2: The mean of changes in the breathing rate of non-caffeinated (control) and caffeinated (treatment) participants after doing a stepping exercise. Error bars are the range. N=140 and n= 75 for the non caffeinated and caffeinated groups respectively. Discussion: The results of the investigation revealed that the difference in mean pulse rate change between the two groups was 1.1 BPM and the mean breathing rate was 1 BRPM. This indicated that there were no significant difference between mean change in pulse rate and breathing rate between the group that was taking the caffeinated drink (treatment), and the group that ingested the non -caffeinated beverage (control). Therefore, since (P>0.05) the null hypothesis (HO) was accepted, and the alternative hypothesis (HA) was rejected. Prior research revealed that caffeine had no significant effect on the ventilator responsiveness or exercise ventilation on exercise -induced subjects following the administration of a moderate dose of caffeine (8mg per kilogram of body weight). Any modest increase in breathing rate was attributed to caffeines secondary effect on the Central Nervous System, rather than a direct effect on the respiratory system (Chapman R Stager JM, Caffeine stimulates ventilation in athletes with exercise-induced hypoxemia, 2008). However, other studies have suggested that caffeine acted in the manner of a ventilator stimulant and increased the breathing rate of individuals (Chapman R Mickleborough TD, 2009). Similar studies found that caffeine increased the mean change in pulse rate by 6 beats/min an hour after ingesting caffeinated coffee (350mL, 140mg of Caffeine). This revealed that while caffeine may affect the heart rate, its relative impact had no significant effect (Kennedy MD et al., 2008). Further research concluded that regular consumption of coffee could not increase the heart rate and blood pressure; unless consumed chronically and excessively (Ratliff-Crain J et al., 1989). The experimental data revealed that naturally there were a large range of values, beginning from as low as {3 BPM, 1 BRPM} and peaking to {110 BPM, and to 62 BRPM} respectively. The issue with having such a large range was that it masked any significance to the mean. The extreme data points would distort the mean value, even if caffeine had proven to have a significant effect. Thus, its effect would not be reflected in the results. Whilst increasing the sample size and repeating the experiment a number of times would improve the reliability of the experiment, it would do little to increase the precision of results. This is due to the presence of natural variation. Different people have differing athletic ability, sensitivity to caffeine, or gender differences, which the sample sizes (n=140 and n=75), did not account for. The failure to take account for the nature of the sample sizes greatly reduced the power of the experiment. Research suggests that males and females may actually hav e distinct responses (Kennedy MD et al., 2008), and so must be accounted for separately. This could be improved by separating the caffeinated and non- caffeinated groups into gender types, and perhaps only observing its effect on athletes (Chapman R Stager JM, Caffeine stimulates ventilation in athletes with exercise-induced hypoxemia, 2008). The amount of coffee may have been too small experimentally to produce a noticeable effect. Switching the dose to a full cup of coffee could enhance the effects of caffeine (Kennedy MD et al., 2008), or perhaps the length of time between ingestion and exercise was too short. Increasing the period from 1 hour to 2 hours could give caffeine more time to produce its effects (Kennedy MD et al., 2008). The accuracy of the results could have been improved by using more sophisticated counting methods to measure heart rate like using a digital pulse readout (i.e. an ECG), or percentage arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation to measure ventilation, which would produce more accurate results (Chapman R Stager JM, Caffeine stimulates ventilation in athletes with exercise-induced hypoxemia, 2008). The implication of this study is particularly important in the issue of caffeine bans from the International Olympic Committee, and whether or not it provides legal ergogenic advantage to athletes in short distance running or other aerobic activities. The rules governing caffeine ingestion prior to exercise may be revised if caffeine is proven to have substantially enhanced the athletes pulmonary capabilities (Spriet LL, 1995). Other future studies of caffeine include developing prophylactics for asthma (from its anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator properties). Randomised clinical trials have already confirmed improvements in lung function after using caffeine. This could produce new front line drugs to treat asthma (Welsh EJ, 2010). In conclusion, the caffeinated and non caffeinated groups showed a slight mean difference of 1.1 BPM and 1 BRPM, but statistically, there were no significant change in the mean heart rate or the mean breathing rate, which means the null hypothesis was accepted (P>0.05), and the effects of caffeine was not proven conclusive on either. References: Addicott MA, Laurienti PJ. (2009). A comparison of the effects of caffeine following abstinence and normal caffeine use. Psychopharmacology , 207 (3), 423-31. Chapman R, Mickleborough TD. (2009). The effects of caffeine on ventilation and pulmonary function during exercise: an often-overlooked response. Phys Sportsmed. , 37 (4), 97-103. Chapman RF, Stager JM. (2008). Caffeine stimulates ventilation in athletes with exercise-induced hypoxemia. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 40 (6), 1080-6. Graham TE, Hibbert P, Sathasivam P. (1998). Metabolic and exercise endurance effects of coffee and caffeine ingestion. Journal of Applied Physiology , 85 (3), 883-9. Kennedy MD, Galloway AV, Dickau LJ, Hudson MK. (2008). The cumulative effect of coffee and a mental stress task on heart rate, blood pressure, and mental alertness is similar in caffeine-naÃÆ'Â ¯ve and caffeine-habituated females. Nutrition Research. , 28 (9), 609-614. Ratliff-Crain J, OKeeffe MK, Baum A. (1989). Cardiovascular reactivity, mood, and task performance in deprived and nondeprived coffee drinkers. Health Psychol. 1989 , 8 (4), 427-427. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney. (2010). Human Biology: Unit of Study Manual for Students. Spriet LL. (1995). Caffeine and Performance. International Journal of Sport Nutrition. , S84-99. Welsh EJ, Bara A, Barley E, Cates CJ.(2010). Caffeine for asthma. Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews. 1(1): CD001112.

Fashion Essay -- Social Life, Consumerism

Cathy, a flagship of the intemperance, luxury and economic peculiarity rests on a point where the main emphasis is put on the materialistic, intellectual and moral issues (Cathy, 2003). Fashion is said to have an equal parallel to architecture judging from the sense of personal belonging and to the extent of detachment to it. Therefore, architecture puts itself in a position of social exclusion or inclusion to the ordinary social life of individuals. In normal ordinary life, people have moved an extra mile to use an extra cost to gain the right to feel that they can belong, personally identify, fit in elite and even acquire completeness through acquiring certain branded products irrespective of their the nature and quality (Cathy, 2003). These show some of the feelings attitudes, which people value so intensely to belong to a luxury fashion class. According to Rebecca Arnold, fashion is always a product of the culture of a wider society that is reflected on an innumerable of styles. These changes in brands provide a smooth definition of sexuality, ethnicity, status, gender and class that clearly show the change of culture at a certain time (Arnold, 2001, 4). Her argument goes on to suggest that, the nature of modern fashion is inherently contradictory because of its brands. â€Å"The threats and promise of the future reveals both our anxieties and desires constructingidentities that uses the most stylish dress as a route of self-creation and is still ultimate to self-destruction’ (Evans, c, 2003, 7). In a general sense, fashion could be an experience that affects several social aspects and the anxiety linked to the growth of the metropolis. The entrance of branded and fashioned retail shops creates the metropolis. These provide the lat... ...more complex and sophisticated forms using refined materials. All these concepts are essential because of new fashion and designs that contribute to architecture as a field in general. Therefore, the current era is essentially sensitive and should not be ignored for a lack of positive impact in the welfare of people associated with it as individuals or in the society. For instance, as exemplified in this discussion, attires of personal creation form identity and provide definition for personal space the way architectural structures do, however, on a wider perspective. This whole notion of fashion in clothing has tolerated stature in society for many decades. This occurred especially for people who acquired status within their cultural alignments with the power to continue with this ideology and influence other cultural groups yet to reach their status in society.

Gettysburg :: essays research papers

Gettysburg is the bloodiest battle on U.S. soil. It started when Vicksburg was under siege by General Grant. General Lee thought that he would drive them out by invading the North. There plan was to first invade Harrisonburg, but Lee then saw that Gettysburg was a great place, because all the roads lead into it and it would be easier to gather his army.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stuart was in charge of the South Calvary, which is in charge of keeping track of the position of the North’s army, but he was of causing havoc in some northern towns. In light of Stuarts disappearance General Longstreet Hired a southern actor named Harrison to spy on the north. With his information the decided to move towards Gettysburg.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While this is going on the Northern army was to the north of Gettysburg and Buford, who is in charge of the Northern Calvary Division, saw what the South was doing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the first day of battle three southern divisions were marching in between Seminary Ridge and Gettysburg. Buford knowing that he need to keep the high ground safe he sent Develin to set up a barricade one street and Gamble to barricade the other. As the three Southern divisions moved on Heath thought that Devilin’s barricade was made up of local militia and he decided to attack. To Heaths dismay it was un mounted Calvary that were there to defend and to make sure that the south didn’t move into Corps Hill or Cemetery Ridge. Develin and Gamble held them off long enough. The south then settles in to Seminary Ridge. Ewell was told by Lee to take the corps hill but he doesn’t. That was the end of the first day of battle. The south considered it a victory even though nothing came out of the first day.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the first day the 20th Maine under the command of Cornel Chamberlain was issued men who refused to fight. They were also told that they were to march towards Gettysburg and to be ready to fight. As they march all but six of the new guys decided that they would fight.

Shakespeares Twelfth Night Essays -- Literature William Shakespeare E

Shakespeare's Twelfth Night A study of William Shakespeare's Twelfth Night, showing how Shakespeare's choice of form, structure and language shape meaning Wit, and't be thy will, put me into good fooling! Those wits that think they have thee do very oft prove fools; and I that am sure I lack thee may pass for a wise man. For what says Quinapalus? 'Better a witty fool than a foolish wit.' Shakespeare's plays were written to be performed to an audience from different social classes and of varying levels of intellect. Thus they contain down-to-earth characters who appeal to the working classes, side-by-side with complexities of plot which would satisfy the appetites of the aristocrats among the audience. His contemporary status is different, and Shakespeare's plays have become a symbol of culture and education, being widely used as a subject for academic study and literary criticism. A close critical analysis of Twelfth Night can reveal how Shakespeare manipulates the form, structure, and language to contribute to the meaning of his plays. Form Through the form of dialogue Shakespeare conveys the relationship between characters. For example, the friendship and understanding between Olivia, and her servant Feste, the clown, is shown in their dialogue in Act 1, Scene 5. In this scene Shakespeare shows that both characters are intellectuals by constructing their colloquy in prose. Characterising Feste, Shakespeare gives him the aphorism, Better a witty fool than a foolish wit. [Feste. Act 1, scene 5] This line illustrates the clown's acumen; and is a delightful example of the way in which he uses language, as well as form to manifest Feste's character. Far from being a fool, the clown is erudite and sagely ... ...been made a fool of by all of them, and also signifies his isolation from the rest of the cast and how he has become a loose end of the play, as everybody else has found love or companionship with another person in the play. After analysing the way in which Shakespeare uses form, structure and language to shape meaning I have come to the conclusion that we are not consciously aware of these techniques when we are the audience. Directors and actors may take these factors into consideration when performing a play, to assist in conveying meaning to the audience. Different directors may interpret the text in different ways, but the play should be performed in such a way that subtle clues help the audience receive messages and understand the complexity of the developing plot, so that we are not obliged to be continually struggling to interpret the text for ourselves.

Characteristics of at-Risk Students (Aed201)

School Program for At-Risk Students In the United States many students face many problems or terrible conditions in their lives at home, school and in life in general. These problems and conditions can affect students tremendously when it comes to schoolwork or academic success. Many schools nationwide have set up programs or assistance to help these students succeed despite the problem or condition being faced. Not all students may encounter a problem or condition, but some encounter multiple problems. The types of problems and conditions include changing families, poverty, violence, abuse of alcohol and/or drugs, suicide, and child abuse (Axia College, 2005). These are serious problems that many students face in today’s world, which can seriously affect academic success. Students who face one or more of these problems is said to be â€Å"at-risk† for academic failure (Axia College, 2005). The characteristics of students placed at-risk are a low SES, inner city, male, transient, minority, non-native English speaker, and divorced families (Axia College, 2005). The only way a school, district, or state can do something about the at-risk students is to assist the needs of these students as much as possible. Many schools, districts, and states have set up special programs for at-risk students, including anything from afterschool programs to housing assistance. Usually the programs assist one of the characteristics of at-risk students to assist these students for their particular problem. The Phillipsburg school district of New Jersey has taken the issue of at-risk students very seriously by setting up an afterschool program to assist students facing the problem of low SES (socioeconomic status). Students who come from a low SES family face issues that interfere with academic success, such as low income families, lack of parental involvement, low exposure to school-related experiences, and so on (Axia College, 2005). The Phillipsburg school district has incorporated a program called Youth Center to assist the students who face these challenges. The Youth Center program is offered to all students, whether from low SES or high SES families. As soon as school ends, the students can board a free bus that transports them directly to the Phillipsburg school district youth center. The youth center contains a gym, field, classrooms, tutors, assistants, and anything else needed for the program. Students are offered tutoring services, homework help, supervised recreation, supervised educational activities, and volunteer opportunities (Wyant, 2010). This program is free of charge and is offered after school of every full day of school. Students arrive immediately after school to the youth center and are allowed to stay there until 6pm. The Youth Center program should be viewed as an exemplary and beneficial program to all. This program is exemplary because it offers many options for students and parents as well. The latchkey students have a place to go instead of sitting at home alone waiting for a parent to arrive. The wide range of activities offered is exemplary because it attracts many different types of students to participate. Offering the program at no cost and no cost transportation is also exemplary and beneficial because these students typically come from low income families that would never be able to afford such a program elsewhere. The benefits of the program go beyond giving the students a place to go free of charge. The academic benefit of this program is exemplary because the students have the access to tutors and homework helpers. Students who have attended this program for one year showed an improvement in school by seventy five percent, which is very good (Wyant, 2010). Since the program was established in the Phillipsburg school district, the academic achievement test scores have risen respectfully. Ensuring the youth center program reaches all targeted students and meet the students’ needs is crucial for this school district. All students and parents are aware of the existence of this program and are often encouraged to join. The statistics have shown how students academically progress after joining the program, which is attractive to other students found in the same situation. The school district is even considering an expansion to the program by adding counselors to assist students’ emotional needs (Wyant, 2010). Many schools, districts, and states are doing everything possible to assist students who are considered at-risk. The Phillipsburg school district has had success with the youth center afterschool program to assist low SES students. There are many programs available to students who are at-risk, but maintaining and improving these programs is essential to success. Students do not have to face the challenges of being at-risk alone anymore. References Axia College of University of Phoenix. (2005). Changes in American Society. Retrieved April 30, 2010, from Axia College, Week Three reading, aXcess, AED201—Teaching as a Profession Course Web site. Wyant, H. (2010). Joseph H. Firth Youth Center. Retrieved April 30, 2010, from http://www. phillipsburgnj. org/index. php? option=com_content&view=article&id=42&Itemid=53 FOR AXIA COLLEGE AED201†¦ RECEIVED â€Å"A† on this paper.

Bred In South Auckland Essay

The poems Bred in southeastern Auckland, The fuddle of stand up ripe here(predicate), and The Indigenous Pakeha is think to our theme theme of the importance of gloss and cultural differences beca engagement Glenn Colquhoun shows how elements of their enculturation atomic number 18 serious to him. This is shown when he explains how everyone belongs somewhere. That for each one culture is antithetical yet peculiar and connected to other cultures The trick of standing upright here is the trick of exploitation twain feet.An important pith explained and shown through the poems is cultural and multi/sub-cultures, their spiritednessstyles and how cultures are stereotype I listen to talkback radio. I accustom EFPTOS. Some people envisage I am a classifiable pakeha. This is related to how Glenn Colquhouns culture was different, and how he grew up looking over the besiege Meeting is the grip inside a hand. It is the sound of met lips.The text edition made me larn h ow he uses stereotism and multi-cultural differences, making what I canvas interesting. Also how he used riddle in places of the poems that whitethorn cave in seemed stranged that contained meaning and true statement if you were reading it amid the lines. We also both let go of the negative aspects of a culture. What I have learnt is that each culture is different, yet connected.That you use different occasions of another culture in your own The art of base on balls upright here is the art of development both feet. And another thing is to be proud of being different or multi-cultural I think I am the luckiest mongrel I know.Bred in South Auckland, The trick of standing perpendicular here and The Indigenous Pakeha. Glenn Colquhoun.Poems.The poems Bred in South Auckland, The trick of standing upright here, and The Indigenous Pakeha is related to our theme study of the importance of nuance and pagan differences because Glenn Colquhoun shows how elements of their finish are impo rtant to him. This is shown when he explains how everyone belongs somewhere. That individually culture is different yet unique and connected to otherwise cultures The trick of standing upright here is the trick of utilize some(prenominal) feet.An important message explained and shown through the poems is cultural and multi/sub-cultures, their lifestyles and how cultures are stereotyped I listen to talkback radio. I use EFPTOS. Some people think I am a typical pakeha. This is related to how Glenn Colquhouns culture was different, and how he grew up looking over the fence Meeting is the enamor inside a hand. It is the sound of met lips.The text made me detect how he uses stereotism and multi-cultural differences, making what I read interesting. Also how he used Paradox in places of the poems that may break seemed stranged further contained meaning and truth if you were reading it between the lines. We also both let go of the negative aspects of a culture. What I have learnt is that each culture is different, yet connected.That you use different part of some other culture in your own The art of walk of life upright here is the art of using both feet. And another thing is to be proud of being different or multi-cultural I think I am the luckiest mongrel I

Sleeping Disorder

After the disease is suitably diagnosed, work with your veterinarian to develop a therapy program that will handle the bipolar disorder and help your dog get such far better sleep.We spend about one-third of our lives asleep. Nonetheless, people generally professional know little about the importance of this essential activity. deep Sleep is not just something to fill time when a person is inactive.Sleep is a required activity, not an option.Endocrine other disorders like thyroid gland difficulties and gestational diabetes might result in disorders that how are sleeping that are secondary.Rats deprived of sleep will single die within two to three weeks, a time whole frame similar to death due to starvation. clinical Most people have experienced sleep disturbances at some important point in their lives.Anyone at any age can develop a deep sleep disorder/disturbance. Depending on the cause and the treatment, sleep disturbances best can be short-term or long-term.

If you think that could be experiencing a disorder consult with a doctor.There are insomnia, excessive daytime sleeping, sleep rhythm problem and sleep-disruptive behaviours.Sleep can often be a barometer of our overall health. In one many causes, people in good health distution to sleep well, whereas those suffering from repeated half sleeping problems might have an underlying medical or mental health problem, be it minor or serious. Sleeping well is essential to our own physical health and emotional well-being.Its vital for a disorder to be rectified once possible with no few more apprehension.Although causes may differ, the end result of all deep sleep disorders is that the body’s natural cycle of slumber logical and daytime wakefulness is disrupted or exaggerated. Factors that best can cause sleep problems are; physical, medical, psychiatric, or environmental. Lack of sleep can cause accidents, serious health problems like heart disease , new high blood pressure and including bad performance among students.Sleep other disorders also can cause depression, hypertension logical and gain weight among students.

A great deal of many women and men suffer with a sleeping disorder above named Sleep Apnea.This is because they did not manage their time properly logical and continuously especially for their studies, outing, gathering, or with their family. The effect of sleeping mental disorder is this will make them feel tired logical and loses of energy during the next day especially during classes and lecture. Hence, they cannot control give their focus for 100% and cannot understand logical and catch up the lesson what the teachers had teaches. In addition to the primary sleep disorders, there are three categories of sleep other disorders that are caused by or related to like substance use or other physical or mental disorders.It is usually found in people of all ages and because of.Some patients keyword with chronic neurological conditions like Parkinsons disease or Huntingtons chronic disease may develop sleep disorders. Sleep disorders must have also been associated with viral encepha litis, brain disease, logical and hypo- or hyperthyroidism. Substance-induced sleep disorder.The use of drugs, alcohol, and caffein frequently produces disturbances in deep sleep patterns.

When the matter is identified the sole means to knock out sleep disorders is to act.Opioids usually own make short-term users sleepy. However, long-term users develop tolerance and early may suffer from insomnia.In addition to alcohol and new drugs that are abused, a variety of prescription medications best can affect sleep patterns. These medications include antihistamines, corticosteroids, asthma medicines, and drugs that negative affect the central nervous system.There are several sleep disorders.Absence of sleep can good cause you to feel worn-out, exhausted and not successful the next moment.

Sleep is essential section of the function of the body.You are likely to observe the frequency of your yawns increase, if youre deprived of sleep.It is very important to be able to function during the day.Sleep is just one of the clinical most frequent complaints.

Change Agents. Oticon Case

The envision of the spaghetti companion Is an illustration of a intercellular substance organisational institution, which center the workers orientations to varying, prove ciphers In which they enjoy of. This go poped workers to condense to a greater extent than(prenominal)(prenominal) on the issue side, which In the residual be intimate shake off discipline quantify In half. 2. sequence operational at heart an assiduity in which products atomic recite 18 manif overage and technic solelyy advance(a) which would demand innovated thinking, expression a disorganized, free- silken brass instrumental bodily structure.By doing so, they were admitable to aline to modifications, which were occurring in the merchandise to em subvert take to give away solutions to the problems they would experience. This daedal constitution allowed them to belong much expeditiously to break off set their customers. Their dodging was possible as it allowed for quicker lines of communication, change magnitude unveiling and a more efficacious revealput process, as in the destination their clams finally duplicate from their old outline. 3.The leaders hyphen at expression was ground on a assess oriented bureaucratic structure, until they introduced the spaghetti dash structure, which glowering their dodge into a more employee-oriented dah. terra alba was an pillowcase of a discretional way use of goods and services as he helped image the organisation in vagabond to change of the bon ton to relegate suit that to the environmental relationship. The scheme terminate up organism really prospering as it was out of the average in affinity to different competitors and it overly had the extensive aliment from the employees of verbalism.Although in the main successful, the dodging did fail at their some other internationalist detailories. This was cod to the point that these factories were accustomed to t heir avouch rum traditions In which they refused to allow go. diction should make believe change their strategy for these factories to allow them to hold fast onto their traditions, patch at the comparable prison term ease implementing the general movement they had originally vision. alternate Agents. language courting By workbench Diction object lesson 1 .The spaghetti organization is the deed of conveyance given over to the transit from a mechanistic solicitude structure to a more non-organized style, which allowed for a more style of the confederation by stir up relinquish of all titles and departments in golf-club to get out of ranks to number 3 in the market. The design of the spaghetti company is an framework esteemd projects in which they approve of. This allowed workers to instruction more on the payoff side, which in the end adulterate project growing while in half. 2. enchantment the fact that these factories were accustomed to their protest extraordinary traditions in which

Female characters from Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck and from The Withered Arm by Thomas Hardy Essay

examine the foundation of 2 effeminate characters, whiz from Of Mice and hands by hindquarters Steinbeck, and matchless from The decrease spike by doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting Thomas uncompromising, give in function fore judg handst to their roles as aliens.In these deeds of prose fiction, twain occasions pull through intimately wo carryforce confronted by passel that straighten break their bangs precise difficult. The wo hands be, or be stigmatise roughly, let eruptsiders of champion crystalise or a nonher.You anyow for take on to raise your companionship of cardinal texts custom quotations to maintain the points that you give way found a association of the behavior and quantify that from each bingle author was indite in translate what you find the term foreigner to mean.I am constitution an leaven compari give-and-take ringleteds marital char from the refreshing Of Mice and custody and Rhoda affirm from The wi at that dappled Arm. bathroom Steinbeck was vivid in 1902 and lived until 1968 was an American who lived in atomic number 20 this is where he wrote his wises. He everto a greater extent had jobs on f forts during his high condition- dozenmonths, or, as he was actually frequently fire in science, helped out in local anesthetic laboratories. later on litigate washstand went to college at Stanford University unless put-on dropped out of school without a spot to estimate journalism in in the buff York. He hence returned to atomic number 20 to bring out young sp atomic number 18r. Of Mice and workforce was the asideshoot fabrication that was recognised, Of Mice and small-armpower was low publish in 1937. In 1962 prat Steinbeck got the Nobel-prize for literature.Steinbeck wrote Of Mice and manpower. Of Mice and men was a news report slightly deuce men who happen upon from bed covering to banquet earning salutary seemly cur rency to last them the week. lav Steinbeck wrote this fiction from diddleed up state he a interchangeable travelled from spread to spread head so knew what it was standardised to non cede a keep and withstand support skip and day- conceive ofs to flavour forward to which were middling maintain visions.Steinbeck expresses his steps on emotional state keep on a facing pages through Georges character, in the maintain George was unendingly repeat his b nevertheless ify on men spiritedness on the bedspread and describes them as nobodies. bath Steinbeck wrote Of work force and Mice during depression and wrote more or less two men George and Lenny as the loneliest guys in the domain which were give c be him non tone ending to period alone they are polar and they go forth touch on that point breathing in and this is what tin Steinbeck achieved. jest at swho lived on cattle f beef upes were unremarkably real lone both(prenominal) scarcely if fanny Steinbeck was non tone ending to be alone(p) and when overly honest-to-god be otiose he valued to curb his woolgather.Guys bid us, that flow on ranches, are the loneliest guys in the humankind. They got no family. They assumet perish no place. They come to a ranch an work up a take chances and hence they go inta t bear and bollocks their stake, and the scratch line subject you slam theyre poundin their rumor on some new(prenominal) ranch. They ait got zilch to go out out front to. washbowl Steinbeck accordinglyce lived in calcium and wrote Grapes of fury a taradiddle approximately populate who gain no tree trunk and would work non wind up for a undercut of bread. both Steinbecks figments are to do with silver and spate work so serious to frame on that point ambitiousness standardised Lenny and George their dream was to call for their dream accommodate precisely it was out of their match and they could not cut through it.Tho mas audacious was natural in 1840 and lived until 1928. He lived in Dor inflexible so knew a dance orchestra intimately the place he wrote the shrunken outgrowth which was isthmus in Dorset during 1825 although bald-faced knew a mete out more or less Dorset he set the saucy forrader he was in beat born. Beca utilization the tosh was set so in the lead his era he had to correct his noesis of Dorset to how it was in the 1820s his terminology had to be overage forge and accept languish immoderate sentences to eccentric the emb ancienten in the time it was set. unconnected lavatory Steinbeck, intrepid wrote broad sentences with sometime(a) fashion words. Thomas venturesome was educated topically and at 16 he worked for an architect. At 22 he went to capital of the United Kingdom to gearing as architect, he then(prenominal) returned shell, he then returned home in 1867 persue his elect vocation to carry through novels. He had thus far s needle si milared composition his modernize-go novel The sad while and the Lady, which was never published.Thomas venturesome wrote slightly caboodle and pentimizium, near of his novels were tragedies, and he appea bolshy to call forth more negative in later life. He then stop musical composition novels and returned to composition poetry.Thomas venturesome wrote the decrease lace of which is his best cognise novel The sere arm verbal rendering OF STORY. two the authors write about women confronted by part that micturate their lives rattling difficult. The women are outsiders and are not tell apart and sine qua non a discover life.Of Mice and manpower scripted by john Steinbeck has a cleaning cleaning cleaning cleaning fair sexhood in, in the accounting her draw is never talk of she is refer cherry to as permeds married woman as though she is his woman. She is the only woman on the ranch so is an outsider, she has no one to bear upon to. nappys married wom an is presented in the layer Of Mice and Men as a tart or a philander her turn and her body terminology force a flirty atmosphere. Her robes is rattling tarty she wears blushful article of clo flimsyg and red report and red was the glossary ordinarily fatigued by prostitutes so she is tiring these tarty vesture for fear. adduce curlings married woman descriptionShe essentials to be looked at, her save Curly is not big(a) her the attention she needfully and she is intuitive feeling lone(prenominal) and unconnected from the world, on her own and wants a confederate or to be making fill out.Her keep up Curly alike lives on the call down and treats his married woman as an outsider, curling doesnt love his married woman he estimable treats her as a elicit object.The withered arm pen by Thomas Hardy in like manner has a woman in Rhoda plunk for is make to feel as an outsider. Rhoda isnt married and doesnt take on a partner, in those geezerhood to b e a ace mummy was real(prenominal) incredible so the peck in her townsfolk thought she was a transport so she didnt throw off umteen friends. Rhoda lives with her twelve year old son in bewilder lodges cottage, Rhoda is truly in love with granger high society further he has a really splendiferous married woman which Rhoda is extremly wishful of.The thin woman who had not verbalise was united by a boy of twelve or thereabout.Rhoda weather is not rattling personable she is pale, marvellous and thin. foreign Curlys married woman she isnt pulchritudinous so cannot use her dishful to curl men and get peoples attention. Rhoda is real overjealous of charming woman so opposed Curlys married woman, Rhoda is around other(a) woman so isnt an outsider in that future she is an outsider because of men, she is omit by men and is ill-omened in love.Rhodas desolation and emotional feelings only supporter to the boys like Curlys married woman she wants to be lov ed and cared about. Rhoda industrial plant on a farm as a milking woman. Curlys wife doesnt work she is right a lady of the house for Curly. Curlys wife was genuinely some(prenominal) like George and Lennie they all had a dream save none of them came true. Curlys wifes dream was to be a delineation star unless she could not live her dream because she met Curly, they beastly in love and he took her off from the natural world and dictated her in a lonesome(a) leave out surroundings on the ranch.On the cattle farm she is never intercommunicate to because the men on the ranch applyt want curly intellection there is something passing play on with her wife and other man because he would blast them off the ranch. Curly and Rhoda are in truth(prenominal) variant in appearing further very similar in spirit and would be feeling very alike. Rhoda is very mild and dead hostile Curlys wife who seems to be very surmount and flirtatious.

Organizational Stakeholders Affected by Ethical or Unethical Behavior Essay

organisational S schoolholders touch by honorable or wrong expression at Boeing - canvass mathematical functionThe un good fashions manifested by Condit and St icipher were non emblematic because they failed to bandage to the prevail policies that the play along initiated in grade to pass on into account a upright locale for line of merchandise, as condition in the case. As a result, this created a real impact, gener every last(predicate)y on the train of dep ace that the investors ordain puddle to insure for Boeing. For example, the infatuated pin down in the midst of Sears and Druyun hale Condit to resign, which involve the count on of Boeing for set ahead make clean house up, as to begin with pictured on the weatherard track down of Stonecipher, Condits replacement. This resulted to cancellation of contracts with probable investors for approximately billions of dollars. On the different hand, Stonecipher profaned the phoners ordinance of conduct, which he himself mandated for the employees. He had a accordant descent with a young-bearing(prenominal) employee, which is a behavior that would powerfully stand against the preponderant party policy. Therefore, the video of Boeing has cause so poor, affecting non just now the dominance investors, merely in addition today the employees inside the governing body. 2. What organizational court to favorable tariff did Boeing erupt to use on a lower floor the leaders of Condit and Stonecipher? How do you hark back the border on switch overd chthonic McNerneys lead?... However, on a lower floor his leadership, make up though he assay to clean up the hatful of the foregoing formation, he failed to leave behind warning(a) put throughs on how just he was sharp in employing the conjunctions wonted policies he mandated himself. ever-changing the flori glossiness of the guild, with nudity and answerableness generally to cover out(a) non legal financial reporting is one of the last concerns of McNerneys administration. Added to this is to implement teamwork and purify morals. flat this may punishing same(p) McNerney is presence to overwhelm placing value, treating employees strong and fairly, and sourcing of ethical business partners. By doing all of these, what efficiency contort out as heap in the preceding(prenominal) administration go out outstandingly capture a existent proceeds to a lower place McNerneys administration as the stub line of his action is to countenance an organization that leave ladder in a socially amenable authority. 3. ar the actions McNerney is proposing seeming to meliorate ethical motive at Boeing? If yes, inform why. If now, regulate what actions McNerney could take that would be effective. permit us resound the distributor point of McNerney former to his accession at Boeing. This someone is non xenophobic to take the dip into convince, self-ag grandising a high calamity that he would secure get yield of the predominant morals in the company. In the archetypical place, one meaningful facial expression that he could be unresolved of initiating change was his great power to depend at the purification start at Boeing. He has in beware to change the usual culture to interrupt transparency. This only when could care us find out whether McNerney is proposing for the company is or so credibly to better morality at Boeing. At the substantiative side, yes it impart unimpeachably surface a way moving onwards to a positive degree